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Hercules: Configuration File
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<h1>Hercules Version 4: Configuration File</h1>
<p>
This page describes the configuration file for the Hercules S/370,
ESA/390, and z/Architecture emulator.
<p>
The configuration file <b><i>hercules.cnf</b></i> contains the
processor and device layout. It is roughly equivalent to the IOCDS on
a real System/390. The configuration file is an ASCII text file.
<h3>Example configuration file</h3>
<p>
<i>
<blockquote>
<b>Please note</b> that the below example configuration file should
<u>not</u> be considered a good example of how an actual configuration
file should look! It is only meant to illustrate what some of the supported
configuration file statements look like and how they are used.
</blockquote>
</i>
<p><br>
<center>
<table border=1><tr><td>
<pre><code>
####################################################################
# HERCULES EMULATOR CONTROL FILE #
# (Note: not all parameters are shown) #
####################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------
# <a href="#system_parameters">SYSTEM PARAMETERS</a>
#------------------------------------------------------------------
<a href="#HERCPRIO">##HERCPRIO</a> 0 (deprecated; unsupported)
<a href="#HERCPRIO">##TODPRIO</a> -20 (deprecated; unsupported)
<a href="#HERCPRIO">##DEVPRIO</a> 8 (deprecated; unsupported)
<a href="#HERCPRIO">##CPUPRIO</a> 0 (deprecated; unsupported)
<a href="#ARCHLVL">##ARCHMODE</a> ESA/390 (deprecated; use ARCHLVL)
<a href="#ASN_AND_LX_REUSE">##ASN_AND_LX_REUSE</a> disable (deprecated; use FACILITY)
<a href="#PANRATE">##PANRATE</a> FAST (deprecated; use PANOPT)
<a href="#PANTITLE">##PANTITLE</a> "My own private MAINFRAME!" (deprecated; use PANOPT)
<a href="#ARCHLVL">ARCHLVL</a> ESA/390
<a href="#FACILITY">FACILITY</a> ENABLE 044_PFPO
<a href="#PGMPRDOS">PGMPRDOS</a> restricted
<a href="#ECPSVM">ECPSVM</a> no notrap
<a href="#OSTAILOR">OSTAILOR</a> OS/390
<a href="#LOADPARM">LOADPARM</a> 0120....
<a href="#CPUSERIAL">CPUSERIAL</a> 000611
<a href="#CPUMODEL">CPUMODEL</a> 3090
<a href="#CPUVERID">CPUVERID</a> FD
<a href="#LPARNAME">LPARNAME</a> HERCULES
<a href="#LPARNUM">LPARNUM</a> 01
<a href="#CPUIDFMT">CPUIDFMT</a> 1
<a href="#MODEL">MODEL</a> EMULATOR
<a href="#PLANT">PLANT</a> ZZ
<a href="#MANUFACTURER">MANUFACTURER</a> HRC
<a href="#MAINSIZE">MAINSIZE</a> 1G
<a href="#XPNDSIZE">XPNDSIZE</a> 0
<a href="#NUMCPU">NUMCPU</a> 4
<a href="#MAXCPU">MAXCPU</a> 8
<a href="#ENGINES">ENGINES</a> CP,CP,AP,IP
<a href="#SYSEPOCH">SYSEPOCH</a> 1900
<a href="#YROFFSET">YROFFSET</a> -28
<a href="#TZOFFSET">TZOFFSET</a> -0500
<a href="#HTTPPORT">HTTP</a> PORT 8081 NOAUTH
<a href="#HTTPROOT">HTTP</a> ROOT /usr/local/share/hercules/
<a href="#HTTPSTRT">HTTP</a> START
<a href="#MODPATH">MODPATH</a> /usr/local/hercules
<a href="#LDMOD">LDMOD</a> dyncrypt
<a href="#NETDEV">NETDEV</a> /dev/net/tun
<a href="#CCKD">CCKD</a> NOSFD=1
<a href="#SHRDPORT">SHRDPORT</a> 3990
<a href="#PANOPT">PANOPT</a> NAMEONLY RATE=FAST MSGCOLOR=DARK "TITLE=My own private MAINFRAME!"
<a href="#LOGOPT">LOGOPT</a> TIMESTAMP NODATESTAMP
<a href="#CODEPAGE">CODEPAGE</a> 819/1047
<a href="#CNSLPORT">CNSLPORT</a> 3270 Listening port for 3270 device connections
<a href="#SYSGPORT">SYSGPORT</a> 3278 Listening port for SYSG device connections
<a href="#CONKPALV">CONKPALV</a> (3,1,10)
<a href="#LEGACYSENSEID">LEGACYSENSEID</a> OFF
<a href="#TIMERINT">TIMERINT</a> DEFAULT
<a href="#TODDRAG">TODDRAG</a> 1.0
<a href="#DEVTMAX">DEVTMAX</a> 8
<a href="#SHCMDOPT">SHCMDOPT</a> disable nodiag8
<a href="#DIAG8CMD">DIAG8CMD</a> disable noecho
<a href="#CMDSEP">CMDSEP</a> OFF
<a href="#DEFSYM">DEFSYM</a> TAPEDIR "<a href="#subs">$(HOME)</a>/tapes"
<a href="#AUTOMOUNT">AUTOMOUNT</a> $(TAPEDIR)
<a href="#AUTOMOUNT">AUTOMOUNT</a> +/tapes
<a href="#AUTOMOUNT">AUTOMOUNT</a> -/tapes/vault
<a href="#MOUNTED_TAPE_REINIT">MOUNTED_TAPE_REINIT</a> allow
<a href="#AUTOINIT">AUTOINIT</a> on
<a href="#SCSIMOUNT">SCSIMOUNT</a> no
<a href="#INCLUDE">INCLUDE</a> mydevs.cfg
<a href="#IGNORE">IGNORE</a> INCLUDE_ERRORS
<a href="#INCLUDE">INCLUDE</a> optdevs.cfg
#------------------------------------------------------------------
# <a href="#device_stmts">DEVICE STATEMENTS</a>
# (see supported <a href="#device_types_table">device types</a> table)
#------------------------------------------------------------------
0009 <a href="#consysc">3215-C</a> /
000A <a href="#1442">1442</a> adrdmprs.rdr
000C <a href="#3505">3505</a> jcl.txt ascii trunc
000D <a href="#3525">3525</a> pch00d.txt ascii
000E <a href="#1403">1403</a> prt00e.txt append cctape=legacy
001E <a href="#1403">3211</a> 192.168.200.1:1403 sockdev fcb=legacy
001F <a href="#3270">3270</a> * 192.168.0.1
0200.4 <a href="#3270">3270</a> * 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0
0220.8 <a href="#3270">3270</a> GROUP1 192.168.100.0 255.255.255.0
0228.8 <a href="#3270">3270</a> GROUP2
0230.16 <a href="#3270">3270</a>
0000 <a href="#SYSG">SYSG</a> SYSGCONS
0100 <a href="#ckddasd">3390</a> disks/linux.dsk <a href="#shadow">sf=shadows/linux_*.dsk</a> <a href="#ckdser">ser=000000000001</a> <a href="#cu">cu=3990-6</a>
0120 <a href="#3380">3380</a> <a href="#ENHSYMINC">${DASD_PATH=dasd/}</a>mvsv5r.120
0121 <a href="#3380">3380</a> <a href="#ENHSYMINC">${DASD_PATH=dasd/}</a>mvsv5d.121
0122 <a href="#3380">3380</a> <a href="#ENHSYMINC">${DASD_PATH=dasd/}</a>mvswk1.122
0123 <a href="#3380">3380</a> 192.168.1.100
0140 <a href="#3370">3370</a> dosres.140
0141 <a href="#3370">3370</a> syswk1.141
0300 <a href="#3370">3370</a> sysres.300
0A00.3 <a href="#QETH">QETH</a> chpid F0 iface /dev/net/tun ipaddr 192.168.0.4 netmask 255.255.0.0
0440.2 <a href="#LCS">LCS</a> -n /dev/net/tun 192.168.200.2
0420.2 <a href="#CTCI">CTCI</a> 192.168.200.1 192.168.200.2
0430.2 <a href="#CTCI">CTCI</a> tun0
#0E40 <a href="#LCS">LCS</a> -e <a href="#SNA">SNA</a> tap0
0E40 <a href="#CTCE">CTCE</a> 31880 192.168.1.202 32880
0E41 <a href="#CTCE">CTCE</a> 31882 192.168.1.202 32882
0E42.2 <a href="#CTCE">CTCE</a> 1=192.168.1.202
0460.2 <a href="#PTP">PTP</a> 192.168.200.1 192.168.200.2/24
0470.2 <a href="#PTP">PTP</a> tun0
0580 <a href="#3420">3420</a> ickdsf.aws <a href="#noautomount">noautomount</a>
0581 <a href="#3420">3420</a> /cdrom/tapes/uaa196.tdf
0582-0587 <a href="#3420">3420</a> <a href="#subs">$(TAPEDIR)</a>/volumes.<a href="#subs">$(CUU)</a> maxsizeM=170 eotmargin=131072
0590 <a href="#3420">3590</a> \\.\Tape0 # <a href="#SCSI">SCSI</a> (Windows only)
0591 <a href="#3420">3590</a> /dev/nst0 # <a href="#SCSI">SCSI</a> (Linux or Windows)
0592 <a href="#3420">3490</a> /dev/nst1 <a href="#Quantum">--no-erg</a> <a href="#Quantum">--blkid-32</a> # <a href="#Quantum">Quantum DLT SCSI</a>
0020 <a href="#2703">2703</a> lport=32003 dial=IN lnctl=tele2 uctrans=yes term=tty skip=88C9DF iskip=0A
0023 <a href="#2703">2703</a> lport=3780 rhost=localhost rport=3781 dial=no
0045 <a href="#2703">2703</a> lport=32003 dial=IN lnctl=ibm1 term=2741 skip=5EDE code=ebcd
</pre></code>
</td></tr></table>
</center>
<h3>Comment lines</h3>
<p>
Blank lines, and lines beginning with a &#035; sign
or an asterisk, are treated as comments.
<p>
<hr><!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<a name="system_parameters"></a>
<h3>System parameters</h3>
<p>
Except for the ARCHLVL and LPARNUM statements, system parameter statements
may appear in any order but must precede any device statements. Each system
parameter must be on a separate line. The following system parameters may be
specified:
<dl>
<a name="ARCHLVL"></a>
<dt><code>ARCHLVL &nbsp; S/370 &#124; ESA/390 &#124; ESAME &#124; <u>z/Arch</u></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the initial architecture mode:<p>
<ul compact>
<li>use <code>S/370</code> for OS/360, VM/370, and MVS 3.8.
<li>use <code>ESA/390</code> for MVS/XA, MVS/ESA, OS/390, VM/ESA, VSE/ESA,
Linux/390, and ZZSA.
<li>use <code>z/Arch</code> or <code>ESAME</code> for z/OS and zLinux. This is the default.
</ul>
When <code>z/Arch</code> or <code>ESAME</code> is specified,
the machine will always IPL in ESA/390 mode,
but is capable of being switched into z/Architecture mode after IPL.
This is handled automatically by all z/Architecture operating systems.
<p>
When <code>ARCHLVL S/370</code> is set, the current
<code><a href="#LPARNUM">LPARNUM</a></code> and
<code><a href="#CPUIDFMT">CPUIDFMT</a></code> settings will be
<i>automatically changed</i> to <code>BASIC</code>. When <code>ARCHLVL z/Arch</code>
is set, <code>LPARNUM</code> and <code>CPUIDFMT</code> will be reset
back to <code>1</code> and <code>0</code> respectively (if needed). Refer to
the <i>"Limited automatic LPARNUM updating when setting certain architecture modes"</i>
section of the <a href="hercrnot.html#4.1">Release Notes</a> document for more information.
<p>
The <code>ARCHLVL</code> statement used to be called <code>ARCHMODE</code>
in previous versions of Hercules but the use of <code>ARCHMODE</code> has been
deprecated in favor of the new <code>ARCHLVL</code> statement.
Existing <code>ARCHMODE</code> statements should be changed to <code>ARCHLVL</code>
instead. For the time being however, <code>ARCHMODE</code> is still accepted
and is treated as simply a synonym for the <code>ARCHLVL</code> statement.
<p>
<a name="ASN_AND_LX_REUSE"></a>
<dt><code>ASN_AND_LX_REUSE &nbsp; <u>ENABLE</u> &#124; DISABLE</code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated; use FACILITY)</i>
<dd><p>
Specifies whether the ASN-and-LX-Reuse Facility (ALRF) should be enabled
or disabled. The default is enabled. This is a z/Architecture-only feature
which is always disabled by default for S/390 or ESA/390.
<p>
Set this value to <code>ENABLE</code> &nbsp;(or do not specify anything
at all) if your guest operating system supports or expects this feature.
Set it to <code>DISABLE</code> &nbsp;if your guest operating system does
<i>not</i> support this z/Architecture feature, and it inadvertently
sets CR0 bit 44 to 1, usually leading to unexpected program interrupt
when instructions such as LASP are issued.
<p>
<code>ASN_AND_LX_REUSE</code> may be abbreviated as <code>ALRF</code>.
<p>
<b>Note:</b> The <code>ASN_AND_LX_REUSE</code> statement has been superseded
by "<code>FACILITY ENABLE/DISABLE 006_ASN_LX_REUSE</code>" and is thus deprecated.
Existing <code>ASN_AND_LX_REUSE</code> or <code>ALRF</code> statements
should be changed to use the new <a href="#FACILITY">FACILITY</a>
statement format instead.
<p>
<a name="AUTOINIT"></a>
<dt><code>AUTOINIT &nbsp; <u>ON</u> &#124; OFF</code>
<dd><p>
The <code>AUTOINIT</code> option controls whether device files
for emulated tape volumes should be automatically created or not.
<p>
When <code>AUTOINIT</code> is <code>ON</code>, a devinit command
specifying a file that does not yet exist causes the tape driver
to automatically create an empty unlabeled tape volume consisting
of just two tapemarks when it discovers the specified file
does not exist yet.
When <code>AUTOINIT</code> is <code>OFF</code> a devinit command
instead fails with an expected "file not found" error.
For convenience the default setting is <code>ON</code>.
<a name="AUTOMOUNT"></a>
<dt><code>AUTOMOUNT &nbsp; <em>[&plusmn;]directory</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the host system directory where the guest is allowed
or not allowed to automatically load virtual tape volumes from.
Prefix allowable directories with a '+' plus sign and unallowable
directories with a '-' minus sign. The default prefix if neither is
specified is the '+' plus sign (i.e. an allowable directory).
<p>
<i><b><u>Caution</u>:</b> &nbsp;Enabling this feature may have security
consequences depending on which allowable host system directories you
specify as well as how your guest operating system enforces
authorized use of the Set Diagnose (X'4B') channel command code.
</i>
<p>
All host system virtual tape volumes to be "automounted" by the guest
must reside within one of the specified allowable host system directories
or any of its subdirectories while not also being within any of the
specified unallowable directories or any of their subdirectories,
in order for the guest-invoked automount to be accepted.
<p>
Note: specifying a disallowed automount directory does not preclude the
Hercules operator from manually mounting any desired file via the
<code>devinit</code> panel command -- even one in a currently defined
"disallowed" automount directory. The AUTOMOUNT statement only controls
guest-invoked automatic tape mounts and not manual tape mounts performed
by the Hercules operator.
<p>
All directories must be specified on separate statements, but as many
statements as needed may be specified in order to describe the desired
allowable/unallowable directories layout. For convenience, an
<code>automount</code> panel command is also provided to dynamically
add/remove new/existing allowable/unallowable automount
directories at any time.
<p>
The automount feature is activated whenever you specify at least
one allowable or unallowable directory. If only
unallowable directories are specified, then the current directory
becomes the only defined allowable automount directory by default.
<p>
All specified directories are always resolved to fully-qualified
absolute directory paths before being saved.
<p>
Refer to the description of the virtual tape device
'<a href="#noautomount">noautomount</a>' option for more information.
<p>
<a name="CCKD"></a>
<dt><code>CCKD &nbsp; <em>cckd-parameters</em></code>
<dd><p>
The CCKD command and initialization statement can be used to affect
cckd processing. The CCKD initialization statement is specified as
a Hercules configuration file statement and supports the same options
as the cckd panel command. Refer to the
<a href="cckddasd.html#cckdcommand">Compressed Dasd Emulation</a>
web page for more information.
<p>
<a name="CMDSEP"></a>
<dt><code>CMDSEP &nbsp; <u>OFF</u> &#124; <em>c</em></code>
<dd><p>
A command line separator character allows multiple commands to be
entered on a single line. The character '<i><code>c</code></i>'
defines the command separator character. The values
'<i><code>.</code></i>' (period or dot),
'<i><code>!</code></i>' (exclamation mark or bang) and
'<i><code>-</code></i>' (dash or hypen)
are reserved and cannot be used.
The default value is 'OFF' indicating command separation is disabled.
<p>
<i>
<b>Warning:</b> choose your separator character carefully. Setting it
to an alphabetic value for example disables all commands containing
that character. Setting it to '<code>e</code>' for example will disable
the 'exit' command making it impossible to exit the emulator. Similarly,
setting it to '<code>o</code>' or '<code>f</code>' will make it impossible
to disable command separation once enabled, and setting it to
'<code>#</code>' (hash) will prevent lines with comments from being
processed correctly.
</i>
<p>
<a name="CMPSCPAD"></a>
<dt><code>CMPSCPAD &nbsp; <em>alignment</em></code>
<dd><p>
The CMPSCPAD command and initialization statement is used to define
the zero padding storage alignment boundary for the CMPSC-Enhancement
Facility. It must be a power of 2 value ranging anywhere from 1 to 12.
<p>
<a name="CNSLPORT"></a>
<dt><code>CNSLPORT &nbsp; <i><u>3270</u></i> &nbsp;<i>-or-</i> &nbsp;<i>nnnn</i> &nbsp;<i>-or-</i> &nbsp;<i>host:port</i></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies (typically) the port number (in decimal) to which tn3270
and telnet clients should connect. If an invalid value is specified
Hercules defaults to port number <u>3270</u>.
See also the <a href="#SYSGPORT"><code>SYSGPORT</code></a> statement.
<p>
The <code>CNSLPORT</code> statement may also be specified as
<code>host:port</code>, where <code>host</code> identifies the
IP address of the host interface the telnet console server should
bind to (listen for connections on). If not specified the server
will accept connections on the port from any host interface.
<p>
See the <a href="telnet.html">Telnet/tn3270 Console How-To</a>
for additional information about setting up a telnet or tn3270 client.
<p>
Note that the CNSLPORT statement will be ignored and no listening port
will be opened unless there is at least one <a href="#device_types_table">
3270 device</a> defined in your configuration.
<p>
<a name="CODEPAGE"></a>
<dt><code>CODEPAGE &nbsp; <em>mapping</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the codepage conversion mapping table used for ASCII/EBCDIC translation.
<p>
<code>default</code> specifies traditional Hercules codepage mapping,
which is non-transparent.
<p>
Other supported predefined codepage mappings are:
<p>
<blockquote>
<table border=1 cellpadding=3>
<tr>
<th rowspan=2>Mapping</th>
<th colspan=2>Description</th>
<th rowspan=2>Transparent?</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>ASCII</th>
<th>EBCDIC</th>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>437/037</code></td>
<td>437 PC United States</td>
<td>037 United States/Canada</td>
<td><center>no</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>437/500</code></td>
<td>437 PC United States</td>
<td>500 International</td>
<td><center>no</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>437/1047</code></td>
<td>437 PC United States</td>
<td>1047 Open Systems Latin 1</td>
<td><center>no</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><b><code>819/037</code></b></td>
<td><b>819 ISO-8859-1</b></td>
<td><b>037 United States/Canada</b></td>
<td><b><center>YES</center></b></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>819/037v2</code></td>
<td>819 ISO-8859-1</td>
<td>037 United States/Canada version 2</td>
<td><center>YES</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>819/273</code></td>
<td>819 ISO-8859-1</td>
<td>273 Austria/Germany</td>
<td><center>YES</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>819/277</code></td>
<td>819 ISO-8859-1</td>
<td>277 Denmark/Norway</td>
<td><center>YES</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>819/278</code></td>
<td>819 ISO-8859-1</td>
<td>278 Finland/Sweden</td>
<td><center>YES</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>819/280</code></td>
<td>819 ISO-8859-1</td>
<td>280 Italy</td>
<td><center>YES</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>819/284</code></td>
<td>819 ISO-8859-1</td>
<td>284 Spain</td>
<td><center>YES</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>819/285</code></td>
<td>819 ISO-8859-1</td>
<td>285 United Kingdom</td>
<td><center>YES</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>819/297</code></td>
<td>819 ISO-8859-1</td>
<td>297 France</td>
<td><center>YES</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><b><code>819/500</code></b></td>
<td><b>819 ISO-8859-1</b></td>
<td><b>500 International</b></td>
<td><b><center>YES</center></b></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><b><code>819/1047</code></b></td>
<td><b>819 ISO-8859-1</b></td>
<td><b>1047 Open Systems Latin 1</b></td>
<td><b><center>YES</center></b></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>850/273</code></td>
<td>850 PC Latin 1</td>
<td>273 Austria/Germany</td>
<td><center>YES</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>850/1047</code></td>
<td>850 PC Latin 1</td>
<td>1047 Open Systems Latin 1</td>
<td><center>no</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>1252/037</code></td>
<td>1252 Windows Latin 1</td>
<td>037 United States/Canada</td>
<td><center>no</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>1252/037v2</code></td>
<td>1252 Windows Latin 1</td>
<td>037 United States/Canada version 2</td>
<td><center>no</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>1252/1047</code></td>
<td>1252 Windows Latin 1</td>
<td>1047 Open Systems Latin 1</td>
<td><center>no</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><code>1252/1140</code></td>
<td>1252 Windows Latin 1</td>
<td>1140 United States/Canada with Euro</td>
<td><center>YES</center></td>
</tr>
<tr><td align="center"><b><code>ISOANSI/037</code></b></td>
<td><b>ISO ANSI</b></td>
<td><b>037 United States/Canada</b></td>
<td><b><center>YES</center></b></td>
</tr>
</table>
</blockquote>
<p>
The transparency column indicates whether translating from
ASCII to EBCDIC (or vice versa) and back again yields results
identical to the original text.
<p>
If no codepage is specified then the environment variable HERCULES_CP
will be inspected. If the environment variable is not found then
the traditional non-transparent <code>default</code> codepage mapping
is used.
<p>
Other codepages can be defined by means of the <code>cp_updt</code>
panel command (which is supported as a configuration file statement
as well). Enter the panel command <code>help cp_updt</code> for more
information.
<p>
The recommended code page for Linux guests is
"<b>819/500</b>",
as it is both transparent and appears to be the code
page that s390x Linux actually uses, thus allowing
boot/startup messages to be parsed and displayed properly.
<p>
The recommended code page for non-Linux guests (e.g. z/OS, etc) is
"<b>819/1047</b>", as it is both transparent and properly translates
all ASCII characters to their EBCDIC equivalents,
including all extended ASCII characters too, such as:
<p>
<blockquote>
<table style="width:25%">
<tr><td style="text-align:center">!</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; exclamation point</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">[</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; left square bracket</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">]</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; right square bracket</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">{</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; left curly bracket</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">}</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; right curly bracket</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">|</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; solid vertical bar</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&brvbar;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; broken vertical bar</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">\</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; backslash</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&not;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; logical not</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">^</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; caret / circumflex</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">_</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; underscore</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">`</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; grave accent</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">~</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; tilde</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&cent;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; cent</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&pound;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; pound</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&curren;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; currency sign</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&yen;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; yen</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&sect;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; section sign</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&para;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; pilcrow/paragraph</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&copy;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; copyright symbol</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&reg;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; registered trademark</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&ordf;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; feminine ordinal indicator</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&deg;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; degree</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&ordm;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; masculine ordinal indicator</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&plusmn;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; plus-minus</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&micro;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; mu/micro</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&iquest;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; inverted question mark</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&times;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; multiplication sign</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:center">&divide;</td><td style="text-align:left"> &nbsp; &nbsp; obelus/divide sign</td></tr>
</table>
</blockquote>
<p>
<a name="CONKPALV"></a>
<dt><code>CONKPALV &nbsp; <i>(idle,intv,count)</i></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the tn3270 console and telnet clients keepalive option
values that control automatic detection of disconnected tn3270/telnet
client sessions.
<p>
<code><i>idle</i></code> &nbsp;specifies the number of seconds
of inactivity until the first keepalive probe is
sent (idle time until first probe, or probe frequency).
<br><code><i>intv</i></code> &nbsp;
specifies the interval in seconds between when successive
keepalive packets are sent if no acknowledgement is received from
the previous one (i.e. the timeout value of the probes themselves).
<br><code><i>count</i></code> &nbsp;specifies the number of unacknowledged
keepalive packets sent before the connection is considered to have
failed.
<p>
The default values for Windows are 3, 1, and 10. For non-Windows systems
it is 3, 1, and 9. That is, send the initial probe 3 seconds after the
connection goes idle and then wait no more than one second for it to be
responded to. If it is not responded to within one second, then send up
to 9 more probes (for a total of 10), each of which must also timeout
without being responded to before the client is considered as having
died and the connection thus automatically closed.
<p>
<i><b>Note:</b></i>
This is a built-in feature of TCP/IP and allows detection of
unresponsive TCP/IP <i>connections</i> and not idle clients.
That is to say, your connection will <i>not</i> be terminated
after 3 seconds of idle time. Your 3270 session can remain idle for
many minutes or hours or days without any data being transmitted.
If the TCP/IP <i>stack</i> at the other end of the connection --
not your 3270 client itself -- fails to respond to the
internal keepalive probe packets however, then it means that the
TCP/IP stack itself is down or there has been a physical break
in the connection.
<p>
Thus, even if your 3270 client is completely idle, your system's TCP/IP stack
itself should still respond to the keepalive probes sent by the TCP/IP stack
at the Hercules end of the link. If it doesn't, then TCP/IP will terminate
the tn3270/telnet session which will cause Hercules to disconnect the terminal.
<p>
The three values can also be modified on-demand via the <code>conkpalv</code>
panel command, which has the exact same syntax. Note that the syntax is
very unforgiving: no spaces are allowed anywhere within the parentheses
and each value must be separated from the other with a single comma.
<p>
<b>Please also note</b> that not all systems support being able to modify
all three values. That is, not all values may be modifiable. It is operating
system dependent which values you can change and which values you cannot.
On Windows for example, the <code><i>count</i></code> value is ignored
and cannot be changed from its default value of 10. Other systems may
ignore one or more or all three values and use platform defaults instead.
This is entirely system dependent. Check your system's documentation for details
regarding which values can be changed and which cannot as well as how to
adjust your system's default values.
<p>
<a name="CPUIDFMT"></a>
<dt><code>CPUIDFMT &nbsp; <u>0</u> &#124; 1 &#124; BASIC</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the format of the CPU ID the STIDP instruction should store.
Refer to the <a href="#LPARNUM">LPARNUM</a> statement for more information.
<p>
<a name="CPUMODEL"></a>
<dt><code>CPUMODEL &nbsp; <u>0586</u> &#124; <em>xxxx</em> &#124; <em>$(symbol)</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the 4 hexadecimal digit CPU machine type number (known prior
to ESA/390 as the model number) stored by the STIDP instruction.
<p>
To make it easier to specify the model number for certain known models,
the following <a href="#DEFSYM">symbols</a> are now automatically
predefined starting with Hercules version 4.4:
<p>
<table style="width:25%">
<tr>
<th>Symbol</th>
<th>Model</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>zPDT</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>1090</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>EC12</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>2827</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>BC12</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>2828</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>z13</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>2964</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>z13s</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>2965</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>z14</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>3906</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>z14ZR1</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>3907</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>z15</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>8561</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>z15T02</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>8562</code></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>z16</code></td>
<td style="text-align:center"><code>3931</code></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
<i><b>Note:</b> Hercules makes no attempt to emulate all aspects of,
or features of, a given CPU model. The CPUMODEL statement defines a purely
cosmetic value only. It defines only the value that the STIDP (Store CPU
ID) instruction stores, and nothing more.</i>
<p>
<a name="CPUSERIAL"></a>
<dt><code>CPUSERIAL &nbsp; <u>000001</u> &#124; <em>xxxxxx</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the 6 hexadecimal digit CPU serial number stored by the
STIDP instruction. In BASIC mode, the high-order digit may be
replaced with the processor number when MAXCPU > 1; in LPAR mode,
the two high-order digits are replaced with either the LPAR number
or the CPU number and LPAR number with the full serial number
available via the STSI instruction. The default serial number is
<code>000001</code>.
<p>
<a name="CPUVERID"></a>
<dt><code>CPUVERID &nbsp; <u>FD</u> &#124; <em>xx</em> &nbsp; [FORCE]</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the 2 hexadecimal digit CPU version code stored by the STIDP
instruction.
<p>
The default cpuverid version code at startup is <b>FD</b>, and that value will
be stored by the STIDP instruction -- <i>even for z/Arch</i> -- unless and <i>UNTIL</i>
you set it to a different value via the <code>cpuverid</code> command/statement.
<p>
If you try using the <code>cpuverid</code> command/statement to set a non-zero cpuverid
value when the architecture mode is currently set to z/Arch, the version
code stored by the STIDP instruction will <i><u>still</u></i> be stored as 00 anyway,
<i><u>unless</u></i> ... the <code>FORCE</code> option is used. For z/Arch, the <code>FORCE</code> option is
the <i><u>only</u></i> way to cause the cpuverid command to force the STIDP instruction
to store a non-zero version code. (But as explained, at startup, the value
stored will still be FD even for z/Arch, since that is Hercules's default version
code value. This means if you want your STIDP version code to be 00 for <b>z/Arch</b>, then you
<i><u>must</u></i> use a <code>cpuverid</code> command/statement in your configuration file
to set it to that value.)
<p>
<a name="DEFSYM"></a>
<dt><code>DEFSYM &nbsp; <em>symbol</em> <em>value</em></code>
<dd><p>
Defines symbol <em>symbol</em> as to contain value <em>value</em>. The
symbol can then be the object of a substitution later in the configuration
file or for panel commands. If <em>value</em> contains blanks or spaces, then
it should be enclosed in double quotation marks (&quot;). See
<a href="#subs">substitutions</a> for a more in-depth discussion
on this feature.
<p>
Substitution is available even in configuration statements,
meaning it is possible to perform substitution in the <em>DEFSYM</em> statement itself.
However, symbols are always defined as the last step in the process, so attempting
to self define a symbol will result in an empty string:
<code><pre>
DEFSYM FOO $(FOO)</pre></code>
Will set symbol FOO to &quot;&quot;
<p>
<a name="DEVTMAX"></a>
<dt><code>DEVTMAX &nbsp; -1 &#124; 0 &#124; <em>nnn</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the maximum number of device threads allowed.
<p>Specify <code>-1</code> to cause 'one time only' temporary threads to be
created to service each I/O request to a device. Once the I/O request is
complete, the thread exits. Subsequent I/O to the same device will cause
another worker thread to be created again.
<p>Specify <code>0</code> to cause an unlimited number of 'semi-permanent'
threads to be created on an 'as-needed' basis. With this option, a thread
is created to service an I/O request for a device if one doesn't already
exist, but once the I/O is complete, the thread enters an idle state waiting
for new work. If a new I/O request for the device arrives before the timeout
period expires, the existing thread will be reused. The timeout value is
currently hard coded at 5 minutes. Note that this option can cause one thread
(or possibly more) to be created for each device defined in your
configuration. Specifying <code>0</code> means there is no limit to the
number of threads that can be created.
<p>Specify a value from <code>1</code> to <code><em>nnn</em></code> &nbsp;to set an upper limit
to the number of threads that can be created to service any I/O request to
any device. Like the <code>0</code> option, each thread, once done servicing
an I/O request, enters an idle state. If a new request arrives before the
timeout period expires, the thread is reused. If all threads are busy when
a new I/O request arrives however, a new thread is created <i>only</i> if the
specified maximum has not yet been reached. If the specified maximum number
of threads has already been reached, then the I/O request is placed in a queue
and will be serviced by the first available thread (i.e. by whichever thread
becomes idle first). This option was created to address a threading issue
(possibly related to the cygwin Pthreads implementation) on Windows systems.
<p>The default for Windows is <code>8</code>. The default for all other systems
is <code>0</code>.
<p>
<a name="DIAG8CMD"></a>
<dt><code>DIAG8CMD &nbsp; <u>DISABLE</u> &#124; ENABLE &nbsp; [ECHO &#124; <u>NOECHO</u>]</code>
<dd><p>
When <code>ENABLE</code> is specified the Hercules Diagnose 8 instruction command
interface is enabled, allowing the guest to directly issue Hercules commands via
the Diagnose 8 instruction. When set to <code>DISABLE</code> all Diagnose 8 instructions
cause a Specification Exception program interrupt to occur instead.
<p>
An optional second argument can be given to request whether an audit trail of such
commands should be created or not. When <code>ECHO</code> is specified, a message
is issued when the command is about to be issued, when the command is redisplayed (as
is normally done when entered from the command line), as well as a final message
indicating the command has finished executing. When <code>NOECHO</code> is specified
no such audit trail messages are displayed and the command instead completes silently
(except for whatever messages the command itself may issue).
<p>
<i><b><u>Security Alert</u>:</b> &nbsp;Enabling this feature has security consequences.
When this feature is enabled it is possible for guest operating systems running under
Hercules to issue commands directly to the host operating system by means of the
<code>sh</code> (host shell command) and <code>exec</code> (execute Rexx script) commands.
This ability may be disabled via the <a href="#SHCMDOPT">SHCMDOPT</a> statement's
<code>NODIAG8</code> option.</i>
<p>
The value of <code>ECHO</code> or <code>NOECHO</code> has no effect on whether or not
command output will be placed into the Diagnose 8 instruction's response buffer if the
instruction requested one, nor does it cause the resulting audit trail messages from
being placed into the response buffer either. The <code>ECHO</code> option only impacts
what is displayed on the hardware console (and what appears in the hardcopy logfile)
but does not otherwise impact what is placed into the instruction's response buffer.
<p>
The default is <code>DISABLE NOECHO</code>
<p>
<a name="ECPSVM"></a>
<dt><code>ECPSVM &nbsp; YES &#124; <u>NO</u> &#124; LEVEL <em>nn</em> &nbsp;&nbsp; [ TRAP &#124; NOTRAP ]</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies whether ECPS:VM (Extended Control Program Support : Virtual Machine)
support is to be enabled.
<p>
If <code>YES</code> is specified, then the support level reported to the
operating system is <code>20</code>. The purpose of ECPS:VM is to provide
to the VM/370 Operating system a set of shortcut facilities to perform
hypervisor functions (CP Assists) and virtual machine simulation (VM Assists).
<p>
Although this feature does not affect VM Operating system products operating in
XA, ESA or z/Architecture mode, it <i>will</i> affect VM/370 and VM/SP products
running under VM/XA, VM/ESA or z/VM.
<p>
Running VM/370 and VM/SP products under VM/XA, VM/ESA or z/VM should be
done with ECPS:VM disabled. ECPS:VM should not be enabled in an AP or MP
environment either. ECPS:VM has no effect on non-VM operating systems. It is
however recommended to disable ECPS:VM when running native non-VM operating
systems.
<p>
If a specific LEVEL is specified, this value will be reported to the operating
system when it issues a Store ECPS:VM level, but it doesn't otherwise alter
the ECPS:VM facility operations.
<p>
This is a <i>partial</i> (but mostly complete) implementation.
<p>
It is however <i>not</i> a 100% complete implementation.
<p>
Please refer to the
<a href="https://github.com/sdl-hercules-390/hyperion/blob/master/readme/README.ECPSVM.md">README.ECPSVM</a>
document for more detailed information,
including an explanation of the <code>TRAP</code> and <code>NOTRAP</code> options.
<p>
<a name="ENGINES"></a>
<dt><code>ENGINES &nbsp; [<em>nn</em>*]<u>CP</u>&#124;IL&#124;AP&#124;IP[,...]</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the type of engine for each installed processor.
The default engine type is CP.
<p>
<em>nn</em>* is an optional repeat count.
Spaces are not permitted.
<p>
Examples:
<p>
<code>ENGINES CP,CP,AP,IP</code>
<br>specifies that processor engines 0 and 1 are of type CP, engine 2 is
type AP, and engine 3 is type IP.
<p>
<code>ENGINES 4*CP,2*AP,2*IP</code>
<br>specifies that the first four processor engines (engines 0-3) are of
type CP, the next two (engines 4-5) are of type AP, and the next two
(engines 6-7) are of type IP.
<p>
The number of installed processor engines is determined by the
<a href="#MAXCPU">MAXCPU</a> statement.
If the ENGINES statement specifies more than MAXCPU engines, the excess
engines are ignored. If fewer than MAXCPU engines are specified, the
remaining engines are set to type CP.
<p>
<a name="FACILITY"></a>
<dt><code>FACILITY &nbsp; ENABLE &#124; DISABLE &#124; QUERY &nbsp;<em>facility</em> &nbsp;<em>[archlvl]</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies a particular STFL/STFLE facility to be enabled or disabled,
or a request to query of the current settings. Use <code>QUERY ALL</code>
to obtain a list of valid <code><em>facility</em></code> &nbsp;names
that may be used for the given archlvl. Enter <code>help facility</code>
for detailed <code>FACILITY</code> command/statement use.
<p>
Alternatively, you can also specify the actual STFL/STFLE bit number
to be turned off or on (disabled or enabled) using the format
<code><em>BITnn</em></code> &nbsp;where 'nn' corresponds to the exact
STFL/STFLE facility bit you wish to be forced on or off. A popular
one among the VM crowd is <code>ENABLE BIT44</code> to force the PFPO
(Perform Floating-Point Operation Facility) bit on, since the facility
is not enabled by default in SDL Hyperion version 4.1 or earlier. The
facility is only enabled by default starting with
<a href="https://github.com/SDL-Hercules-390/hyperion/releases/tag/Release_4.2">SDL Hyperion version 4.2</a>
or later. Specifying <code>ENABLE BIT44</code> allows z/VM guests running
on SDL Hyperion 4.1 or earlier to IPL.
<p>
The optional <code><em>archlvl</em></code> &nbsp;argument limits the enable,
disable or query function to a specific <a href="#ARCHLVL">architecture</a>.
It should be noted that attempts to enable or disable a facility that a given
architecture does not support are accepted without error. The default value is
the value that was set by a preceding <a href="#ARCHLVL">ARCHLVL</a> statement
or the default mode if there was no preceding ARCHLVL statement.
<p>
<a name="HERCPRIO"></a>
<dt><code>HERCPRIO &nbsp;<em>nn</em></code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated; unsupported)</i>
<dt><code>TODPRIO &nbsp;&nbsp;<em>nn</em></code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated; unsupported)</i>
<dt><code>DEVPRIO &nbsp;&nbsp;<em>nn</em></code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated; unsupported)</i>
<dt><code>CPUPRIO &nbsp;&nbsp;<em>nn</em></code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated; unsupported)</i>
<dd><p>
The ability to define process and thread priorities has been
<a href="hercrnot.html#4.1">removed</a> from SDL Hyperion as of version
<a href="hercrnot.html#4.1">4.1</a>. You should remove all such statements
from your configuration file.
<p>
<a name="HTTPPORT"></a>
<dt><code>HTTP &nbsp; PORT &nbsp; <em>nnnn</em> [[NOAUTH] &#124; [AUTH <em>userid password</em>]]</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the port number (in decimal) on which the HTTP server
will listen. The port number must either be 80
or within the range 1024 - 65535 inclusive. The server is not started until a subsequent
<code><a href="#HTTPSTRT">HTTP START</a></code> statement is found.
<p>
<tt>AUTH</tt> indictates that a userid and password are required to access
the HTTP server, whereas <tt>NOAUTH</tt> indicates that a userid and password
are not required. The userid and password may be any valid string.
<p>
<i><b><u>Security Alert!</u></b> &nbsp;When <tt>AUTH</tt> is specified
(and specifying a userid and password is thus required), one must exercise
due diligence to prevent unauthorized access to Hercules's configuration file
that contains those userids and passwords.
</i>
<p>
<i><b><u>Security Alert!</u></b> &nbsp;The HTTP Server currently utilizes the
insecure "http" protocol, not the more secure "https" protocol. All commands
and responses are transmitted over the network in the clear, allowing anyone
sniffing network traffic to see everything you do and possibly inject unauthorized
commands of their own. Exercise caution when using the HTTP Server feature.
</i>
<p>
<a name="HTTPROOT"></a>
<dt><code>HTTP &nbsp; ROOT &nbsp; <em>directory</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the root directory where the HTTP server's files reside.
If not specified, the default value for Win32 builds of Hercules is the
directory where the Hercules executable itself is executing out of, and for
non-Win32 builds it is the directory specified as the default package
installation directory when the Hercules executable was built (which can
vary depending on how the Hercules package was built, but is usually
<tt>/usr/local/share/hercules/</tt>).
<p>
<a name="HTTPSTRT"></a>
<dt><code>HTTP &nbsp; START</code>
<dd><p>
Starts the HTTP server. (Note: The server is no longer started by default.)
<p>
<a name="IGNORE"></a>
<dt><code>IGNORE &nbsp; INCLUDE_ERRORS</code>
<dd><p>
Indicates that errors caused by subsequent
<code><a href="#INCLUDE">INCLUDE</a></code> statements
for files which do not exist should instead be ignored rather
than causing startup to be aborted (as would otherwise normally
occur).
<p>
<a name="INCLUDE"></a>
<dt><code>INCLUDE &nbsp; <em>filepath</em></code>
<dd><p>
An <code>INCLUDE</code> statement tells Hercules configuration file
processing to treat the contents of the file specified by <em>filepath</em>
as if its contents had appeared in the configuration file at the point
where the <code>INCLUDE</code> statement appears.
<p>
Note that the included file may itself contain yet another
<code>INCLUDE</code> statement as long as the maximum nesting depth
(current 8) is not exceeded.
<p>
<a name="IODELAY"></a>
<dt><code>IODELAY &nbsp; <em>usec</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the amount of time (in microseconds) to wait after
an I/O interrupt is ready to be set pending. This value can also be
set using the Hercules console. The purpose of this parameter is to
bypass a bug in the <b>Linux/390</b> and <b>zLinux</b> <code>dasd.c</code>
device driver. The problem is more apt to happen under Hercules than
on a real machine because we may present an I/O interrupt sooner than a
real machine.
<p>
NOTE: <a href="#OSTAILOR"><code>OSTAILOR LINUX</code></a> no longer sets
IODELAY to 800 since the problem described above is no longer present in
recent versions of the Linux kernel.
<p>
<a name="LDMOD"></a>
<dt><code>LDMOD &nbsp; <em>module list</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies additional modules that are to be loaded by the Hercules dynamic loader.
The default search order is with the Hercules directory in the default DLL search
path. Most systems also support absolute filenames (ie names starting with '/'
or '.') in which case the default search path is not taken.
<p>
Multiple LDMOD statements may be used.
<p>
<a name="LEGACYSENSEID"></a>
<dt><code>LEGACYSENSEID &nbsp; <u>OFF</u> &#124; <u>DISABLE</u> &#124; ON &#124; ENABLE</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies whether the SENSE ID CCW (X'E4') will be honored for
the devices that originally didn't support that feature. This
includes (but may not be limited to) 3410 and 3420 tape drives,
2311 and 2314 direct access storage devices,
and 2703 communication controllers.
<p>
Specify <code>ON</code> or <code>ENABLE</code> if your guest
operating system needs the Sense ID support to dynamically
detect those devices. Note that most current operating systems
will not detect those devices even though Sense ID is enabled
because those devices never supported the Sense ID in the first
place. So this mainly applies to custom built or modified versions
of guest operating systems that are aware of this specific Hercules
capability.
<p>
Because those legacy devices didn't originally support this command,
and for compatibility reasons, the default is <code>OFF</code>
or <code>DISABLE</code>.
<p>
<a name="LOADPARM"></a>
<dt><code>LOADPARM &nbsp; <em>xxxxxxxx</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the <i>default</i> eight-character IPL parameter used by
some operating systems to select system parameters.
<p>
The specified value is used as the <code>IPL</code> command's default
<code>LOADPARM</code> option parameter when the <code>IPL</code>
command is issued without the <code>LOADPARM</code> option. Regardless
of the value specified for this setting, the value can alway be
overridden by specifying a different value for the <code>LOADPARM</code>
option on the <code>IPL</code> command itself. The LOADPARM configuration
file option simply specifies a <i>default</i> value that will be used
unless overridden with a different value on the IPL command itself.
<p>
<a name="LOGOPT"></a>
<dt><code>LOGOPT &nbsp; <u>TIMESTAMP</u> &#124 NOTIMESTAMP &#124 DATESTAMP &#124 <u>NODATESTAMP</u> &#124 </code>
<dd><p>
Sets logfile options. TIMESTAMP inserts a time stamp in front of
each log message. NOTIMESTAMP logs messages without time stamps.
Similarly, DATESTAMP and NODATESTAMP prefixes logfile messages
with or without the current date. The current resolution of the
stamp is one second.
<p>
The default is TIMESTAMP NODATESTAMP.
<p>
<a name="LPARNAME"></a>
<dt><code>LPARNAME &nbsp; <em>name</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the LPAR name returned by DIAG X'204'. The default is
<code>HERCULES</code>.
<p>
<a name="LPARNUM"></a>
<dt><code>LPARNUM &nbsp; BASIC &#124; <u>1</u> &#124; <em>xx</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the one- or two-digit hexadecimal LPAR identification
number stored by the STIDP instruction, or BASIC.
<p>
If a one-digit number from <code>1</code> to <code>F</code> (hexadecimal)
is specified, then STIDP stores a format-0 CPU ID unless a subsequent
<a href="#CPUIDFMT"><code>CPUIDFMT 1</code></a> statement is specified.
<p>
If <code>0</code> or a two-digit hexadecimal number (except 10 hexadecimal)
is specified, then STIDP stores a format-1 CPU ID. For LPARNUM <code>10</code>
the current <a href="#CPUIDFMT"><code>CPUIDFMT</code></a> is not changed.
<p>
When LPARNUM is BASIC, then STIDP stores a basic-mode CPU ID (6-hexadecimal
digit serial number when MAXCPU = 1, or a one-hexadeciaml digit CPU number
and 5-hexadecimal digit serial number when MAXCPU > 1).
<p>
The LPARNUM setting will be <i>automatically changed</i>
if needed to <code>BASIC</code> when
<code><a href="#ARCHLVL">ARCHLVL S/370</a></code> is set (which
also changes the <code><a href="#CPUIDFMT">CPUIDFMT</a></code>
setting to <code>BASIC</code> too), and is automatically set
to <code>LPARNUM 1</code> (and <code>CPUIDFMT 0</code>) if needed
when <code><a href="#ARCHLVL">ARCHLVL z/Arch</a></code> is set.
Refer to the <i>"Limited automatic LPARNUM updating when setting
certain architecture modes"</i> section of the
<a href="hercrnot.html#4.1">Release Notes</a> document for more information.
<p>
The default is LPARNUM 1 with a format-0 CPU ID.
<p>
<a name="MAINSIZE"></a>
<dt><code>MAINSIZE &nbsp; <em>nnnn</em> &#124;
<em>nnn</em>K &#124;
<em>nnn</em>M &#124;
<em>nnn</em>G &#124;
<em>nnn</em>T &#124;
<em>nnn</em>P &#124;
<em>nnn</em>E</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the main storage size in megabytes, where
<code><em>nnnn</em></code> &nbsp;is a decimal number. Or,
<code><em>nnnM</em></code> &nbsp;where <code><em>M</em></code>&nbsp;
is K - Kilobytes, M - Megabytes, G - Gigabytes, T - Terabytes,
P - Petabytes, E - Exabytes. The default on startup is 2M.
<p>
For storage sizes less than 16M, sizes not on a 4K boundary are
rounded up to the next 4K boundary. Otherwise, storage sizes not on
a 1M boundary are rounded up to the next 1M boundary.
<p>
The minimum size is 64K for S/370 and 1M for ESA/390 and
z/Arch. A maximum of 2G may be specified for S/370 and
ESA/390, and 16E for z/Arch.
<p>
<b>Notes:</b>
<ol><p><li>
The actual upper limit is determined by your host system's
architecture and operating system, the guest operating system, and
the amount of physical memory and available paging space. The total
of mainsize and xpndsize on host systems with a 32-bit architecture
will be limited to less than 4G; host systems with a 64-bit
architecture will be limited to less than 16E.
</li><p><li>
<i>Caution:</i> using minimum storage sizes, storage sizes less than 64K
or a size that is not a multiple of 64K for S/370, or a size
less than 1M or is not a multiple of 1M for z/Arch is not recommended
as it could generate error conditions which are not covered by the
Principles of Operations.
</li><p><li>
Use of storage sizes greater than supported by the guest operating
system may generate incorrect results or error conditions within the
guest operating system.
</li></ol>
<p>
<a name="MANUFACTURER"></a>
<dt><code>MANUFACTURER &nbsp; <em>name</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the 1-16 character MANUFACTURER name returned the STSI instruction.
Valid characters are 0-9 and uppercase A-Z only.
The default is <code>HRC</code>.
<p>
<a name="MAXCPU"></a>
<dt><code>MAXCPU &nbsp; <em>nn</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the number of installed processor engines.
The <a href="#NUMCPU">NUMCPU</a> statement specifies the number of
engines which will be configured online at startup time.
All processors are CP engines unless otherwise specified by the
<a href="#ENGINES">ENGINES</a> statement.
<p>
The value of MAXCPU cannot exceed the value of <code>MAX_CPU_ENGS</code>.
If MAXCPU is not specified in the Hercules configuration file,
then its initial value is equal to NUMCPU.
If MAXCPU and NUMCPU are both omitted, MAXCPU is set to 1.
<p>
<code>MAX_CPU_ENGS</code> is a compile-time variable which sets
an upper limit on the value of MAXCPU.
The value of <code>MAX_CPU_ENGS</code> is displayed in the
Build information message on the Hercules control panel at startup time.
To change the value of <code>MAX_CPU_ENGS</code> you must rebuild
Hercules.
For Unix builds, specify
<tt>./configure --enable-multi-cpu=<em>nn</em></tt>
before performing make.
For Windows builds, specify
<tt>SET MAX_CPU_ENGS=<em>nn</em></tt>
before performing nmake.
<p>
<code>MAX_CPU_ENGS</code> cannot exceed 64. For performance reasons,
values above 32 are not recommended for 32-bit platforms.
If <code>MAX_CPU_ENGS</code> is set to 1 then multiprocessing is disabled.
See also <a href="#NUMCPU">NUMCPU</a> for a discussion of the performance
implications of <code>MAX_CPU_ENGS</code>.
<p>
<a name="MODEL"></a>
<dt><code>MODEL &nbsp; <em>hardware_model</em>
[ <em>capacity_model</em> ]
[ <em>perm_capacity_model</em> ]
[ <em>temp_capacity_model</em> ]
</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the 1-16 character MODEL names returned the STSI instruction.
Valid characters are 0-9 and uppercase A-Z only.
The default is <code>EMULATOR</code>.
<p>
If two operands are supplied, the first is the hardware model name (CPC
ND model) and the second is the capacity model name (CPC SI model).
If only one operand is supplied, it is used as both the hardware model
name and the capacity model name.
The optional third and fourth operands specify the permanent capacity
model name and the temporary capacity model name respectively.
<p>
<a name="MODPATH"></a>
<dt><code>MODPATH &nbsp; <em>path</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the relative or absolute path of the directory where dynamic
modules should be loaded from. Only one directory may be specified. The
path should be enclosed within double quotes if it contains any blanks.
<p>
When a modpath statement is specified, the path on the modpath statement
is searched before the default path is searched. The system default varies
depending on the host platform where Hercules is being run.
<p>
<a name="MOUNTED_TAPE_REINIT"></a>
<dt><code>MOUNTED_TAPE_REINIT &nbsp; DISALLOW &#124; DISABLE &#124; <u>ALLOW</u> &#124; <u>ENABLE</u> </code>
<dd><p>
Specifies whether reinitialization of tape drive devices (via the
<code>devinit</code> command, in order to mount a new tape) should
be allowed if there is already a tape mounted on the drive.
<p>
Specifying <code>ALLOW</code>&#124;<code>ENABLE</code> (default) indicates new tapes may
be mounted (via <code>'devinit <i>nnnn</i> <i>new-tape-filename</i>'</code>)
irrespective of whether or not there is already a tape mounted on the drive.
<p>
Specifying <code>DISALLOW</code>&#124;<code>DISABLE</code> prevents new tapes from being mounted
if one is already mounted. When <code>DISALLOW</code> is specified
and a tape is already mounted on the drive, it must first be unmounted
(via the command <code>'devinit <i>nnnn</i> *'</code>) before
the new tape can be mounted. Otherwise the devinit attempt to mount
the new tape is rejected.
<p>
This option is meant as a safety mechanism to protect against
accidentally dismounting a tape from the wrong drive as a result of
a simple typo (thereby cancelling a potentially important tape job)
and was added by user request.
<p>
Also note that for SCSI tape drives the <code>'devinit <i>nnnn</i> *'</code>
command has no effect as the tape must be unmounted manually (since it is
a real physical device and not one emulated via a disk file like .AWS tapes).
<p>
<a name="NETDEV"></a>
<dt><code>NETDEV &nbsp; <em>devname</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the name (or for Windows, the IP or MAC address) of the underlying
default host network adapter to be used for Hercules communications devices
unless overridden on the device statement itself.
<p>
The default for Linux (except Apple and FreeBSD) is <code>/dev/net/tun</code>.
The default for Apple and FreeBSD is <code>/dev/tun</code>.
<p>
The default for Windows is whichever host adapter that SoftDevLab's
<a href="http://www.softdevlabs.com/ctci-win">CTCI-WIN</a> product
returns as its "default host network adapter", which for older versions of CTCI-WIN
(3.5.0 and earlier) is the first network adapter in the Windows host's binding
order (which may not be desirable for some users). The <code>NETDEV</code> statement
allows you to override this.
<p>
Refer to the 'Help' file included in newer versions of
<a href="http://www.softdevlabs.com/ctci-win">CTCI-WIN</a> (version 3.6.0 or greater)
for information regarding modifying Windows's "Adapter Binding Order" and/or defining
a preferred CTCI-WIN default host network adapter.
<p>
<a name="netpriv"></a>
<center>
<table width=95%>
<tr><td>
<p class="box">
<i>
<b>Note:</b> Hercules's networking support <u>MAY</u> require <u>privileged access</u>
to your host's networking devices, depending on whether you use pre-configured interfaces
or not. If you do not use pre-configured interfaces and Hercules is not started with
<u>Administrative (root) privileges</u>, then initialization of your networking devices
will fail and your guest's networking will not work!
</br></br>
If one uses pre-configured interfaces on Linux et al. however <b>(recommended!)</b>,
then Hercules does <u>not</u> need to run as root, because the network interface it needs
to use already exists and is already properly configured (because you already created
and configured it yourself before you even started Hercules! So there's nothing Hercules
needs to do before it can use it!).
</br></br>
If you <u>don't</u> use pre-configured interfaces however (and instead rely on Hercules
itself to both create and configure your networking interface for you), then
<b><u>yes</u></b>, Hercules will obviously need to be started as root in order to be able
to do that for you.
</br></br>
This is why using pre-configured interfaces on *Nix et al. is so highly recommended: so
that you <b>don't</b> need to run Hercules as root.
</br></br>
On Windows however, due to the way CTCI-WIN works, Administrative privileges is
<b><u>always</u></b> required, as CTCI-WIN hooks directly into Windows's real network
adapter's networking stack to be able to read packets directly from and write packets
directly to the real physical adapter's networking stack.
</i>
</p>
</td></tr>
</table>
</center>
<p>
<a name="NUMCPU"></a>
<dt><code>NUMCPU &nbsp; <em>nn</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the number of emulated processor engines
which will be configured online at startup time.
NUMCPU cannot exceed the value of <a href="#MAXCPU">MAXCPU</a>.
If NUMCPU is less than <a href="#MAXCPU">MAXCPU</a>
then the remaining engines can be configured online later.
The default NUMCPU value is 1. The minimum value is 0.
<p>
Multiprocessor emulation works best
if your host system actually has more than one physical CPU, but you can
still emulate multiple CPUs nervertheless even on a uniprocessor system
(and you might even achieve a small performance benefit when you do).
There is little point, however, in specifying <tt>NUMCPU</tt> greater
than 1 unless your guest operating system (running under Hercules) is
actually able to support multiple CPUs (and if you do not actually need
multiprocessor emulation, then setting <tt>MAX_CPU_ENGS</tt> to 1 at
compile time might even produce a slight performance advantage too).
<p>
<a name="OSTAILOR"></a>
<dt><code>OSTAILOR &nbsp; <u>DEFAULT</u> &#124; OS/390 &#124; z/OS
&#124; VM &#124; z/VM &#124; VSE &#124; z/VSE &#124; LINUX
&#124; OpenSolaris &#124; QUIET &#124; NULL</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the intended operating system. The effect of this
parameter is to reduce control panel message traffic by
selectively suppressing trace messages for program checks
which are considered normal in the specified environment.
<code>QUIET</code> <i>suppresses</i> all exception messages.
<code>NULL</code> <i>displays</i> all exception messages.
<p>
<i>
<b>Note!</b> Neither QUIET nor NULL should <u>ever</u> be used
in normal circumstances! QUIET hides what otherwise might be important
messages needed to diagnose incorrect Hercules and/or guest functionality.
Only use QUIET under the guidance of Hercules product support personnel.
Instead, please specify an OSTAILOR value that is appropriate for the guest
operating system you intend to run under Hercules, or else let it default
by not specifying it at all.
</i>
<p>
If no <code>OSTAILOR</code> statement is specified at all, then <code><u>DEFAULT</u></code>
is used, which suppresses only program check messages for interruption codes
10 (segment-translation exception), 11 (page-translation exception),
16 (trace-table exception) and 1C (space-switch event), which are considered
to be completely normal and unremarkable for virtually all known mainframe
operating systems.
<p>
Optionally prefix any value (except <code>QUIET</code> or
<code>NULL</code>) with '+' to cause the suppressions for that
environment to be combined (added) to those already specified,
or with '-' to remove such suppressions (i.e. to allow them).
<p>
This allows you to, for example, suppress messages for both z/VM
as well as for z/OS too (for situations where you intend to run
z/OS as a guest under z/VM) by specifying two OSTAILOR statements
as follows:
<blockquote><code>
OSTAILOR &nbsp;z/VM</br>
OSTAILOR &nbsp;+Z/OS
</code> </blockquote>
<p>
Use the "<code>pgmtrace</code>" panel command to fine tune the current settings.
<p>
<a name="PANOPT"></a>
<dt><code>PANOPT &nbsp; <u>FULLPATH</u>&#124;NAMEONLY RATE=<u>SLOW</u>&#124;FAST&#124;<em>nnn</em> MSGCOLOR=<u>NO</u>&#124;DARK&#124;LIGHT TITLE=xxx</code>
<dd><p>
Defines panel display options.
<code>NAMEONLY</code> requests the extended panel screen (that displays
the list of devices and is reached by pressing the ESC key) to display only
the emulated device's base filename. The default is <code><u>FULLPATH</u></code>
which displays the file's full path filename.
<p>
<code>RATE=<em>nnn</em></code> specifies the panel refresh rate in
milliseconds between screen refreshes. <code>RATE=SLOW</code> is the same as 500.
<code>RATE=FAST</code> is the same as 50. A value less than the system clock
tick interval or greater than 5000 will be rejected. <code><u>SLOW</u></code> is the default.
<p>
<code>MSGCOLOR=DARK</code> displays colorized panel messages meant for
'dark' panels (such as white text on black background) whereas
<code>MSGCOLOR=LIGHT</code> is obviously meant for panels using dark
text on light backgrounds. Only 'E' (error), 'W' (warning), 'D' (debug)
and 'I' (informational) messages are colorized. Any message not detected
as a Hercules "HHCnnnnnX" format message are not colorized. The colors
are currently hard coded and cannot be changed. <code><u>NO</u></code> is the
default, <i>but <code>DARK</code> or <code>LIGHT</code> (as appropriate for your system)
is <b>strongly encouraged</b> as it makes error and warning messages more noticeable
and less likely to be missed.</i>
<p>
<code>TITLE=xxx</code> defines an optional console window title-bar string
to be used in place of the default supplied by the windowing system, and allows
you to distinguish between different Hercules sessions (instances) running
on the same machine. If the value contains any blanks, the entire option
specification should be enclosed within double-quotes (e.g. <code>"TITLE=my title"</code>,
<i>not</i> &nbsp;<code>TITLE="my title"</code> which is an error).
<p>
The <code>TITLE=</code> option takes effect only when the Hercules console
is displayed on either an xterm terminal (commonly used on Unix systems)
or in a Command Prompt window on Windows systems.
<p>
<b>Note:</b> neither the <code>MSGCOLOR=</code> nor the <code>TITLE=</code> option
has any effect when Hercules is run under the control of an external GUI since
since Hercules's console window is hidden in favor of using the external GUI's
window instead (and the GUI is in control of its own colors). The <code>RATE=</code>
option however, controls how often the external GUI will refresh its own window
and other user-interface controls. Similarly, the <code>FULLPATH</code> and
<code>NAMEONLY</code> option controls how the external GUI displays your list
of emulated devices.
<p>
<a name="PANRATE"></a>
<dt><code>PANRATE &nbsp; <u>SLOW</u> &#124; FAST &#124; <em>nn</em></code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated; use PANOPT instead)</i>
<dd><p>
This statement has been deprecated in favor of the
<code><a href="#PANOPT">PANOPT</a></code> statement instead.
<p>
<a name="PANTITLE"></a>
<dt><code>PANTITLE &nbsp; <em>"title-string"</em></code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated; use PANOPT instead)</i>
<dd><p>
This statement has been deprecated in favor of the
<code><a href="#PANOPT">PANOPT</a></code> statement instead.
<p>
<a name="PGMPRDOS"></a>
<dt><code>PGMPRDOS &nbsp; <u>RESTRICTED</u> &#124; LICENSED</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies whether or not Hercules will run licensed program product ESA
or z/Architecture operating systems. If <code>RESTRICTED</code> is
specified, Hercules will stop all CPUs when a licensed program product
operating system is detected. Specify
<code>LICENSED</code> to allow these operating systems to run normally.
This parameter has no effect on Linux/390, Linux for z/Series, or any
370-mode OS.
<p>
<p class="warning">
<b>NOTE: &nbsp;It is <u>YOUR</u> responsibility to comply with
the terms of the license for the operating system you intend to run on
Hercules. If you specify LICENSED and run a licensed operating system in
violation of that license, then don't come after the Hercules developers
when the vendor sends their lawyers after you!</b>
<p>
<code>RESTRICTED</code> is the default. Specifying
<code>LICENSED</code> will produce a message when a licensed operating
system is detected to remind you of your responsibility to comply with
software license terms.
<p>
<a name="PLANT"></a>
<dt><code>PLANT &nbsp; <em>name</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the 1-4 character PLANT name returned the STSI instruction.
Valid characters are 0-9 and uppercase A-Z only.
The default is <code>ZZ</code>.
<p>
<a name="SCSIMOUNT"></a>
<dt><code>SCSIMOUNT &nbsp; <u>NO</u> &#124; YES &#124; <em>nn</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies whether automatic detection of SCSI tape mounts are to be
enabled or not.
<p>
Specifying <code>NO</code> or 0 seconds (the default) indicates
the option is disabled, forcing all SCSI tape mounts to be done
manually via an appropriate <code>devinit</code> command.
<p>
A value from 1 to 99 seconds inclusive enables the option
and causes periodic queries of the SCSI tape drive to automatically
detect when a new tape is mounted. Specifying <code>YES</code>&nbsp;
is the same as specifying 5 seconds.
<p>
The <code>scsimount</code> panel command may also be used to display
and/or modify this value on demand once Hercules has been started. Note
too that the <code>scsimount</code> panel command also lists any mounts
and/or dismounts that may still be pending on the drive, as long as
you've defined your tape drive as a model that has an LCD "display"
(such as a model 3480, 3490 or 3590).
<p>
<i>
<b>Note:</b> &nbsp;enabling this option may cause Hercules to take
longer to shutdown depending on the value specified for this option
as well as how the host operating system (Windows, Linux, etc) and
associated hardware (SCSI adapter) behaves to drive status queries
for drives which do not have any media currently mounted on them.
</i>
<p>
<a name="SHCMDOPT"></a>
<dt><code>SHCMDOPT &nbsp; <u>DISABLE</u> &#124; ENABLE &nbsp; [DIAG8 &#124; <u>NODIAG8</u>]</code>
<dd><p>
When set to <code>DISABLE</code>, the <code>sh</code> (host shell command)
and <code>exec</code> (Rexx execute script) commands are globally disabled
and will result in an error if entered either directly via the hardware
console or programmatically via the <a href="#DIAG8CMD">DIAG8CMD</a> interface.
<p>
If the optional <code>NODIAG8</code> option is specified, then only the
programmatic execution of commands via the the Diagnose 8 interface are disabled,
but shell and <a href="rexx.html">Rexx commands</a> entered directly via the
Hercules command line still work. This includes commands entered via the
<a href="#HTTPROOT">HTTP server facility</a> as well as commands issued by
<a href="hercinst.html#RCFILE">.rc "run command"</a> scripts too (automatically
at startup or directly or indirectly via the <code>script</code> command).
<p>
<i><b><u>Security Alert</u>:</b> &nbsp;Enabling this feature has security consequences.
When <code>ENABLE DIAG8</code> is specified it is possible for guest operating systems
running under Hercules to issue commands directly to the host operating system.</i>
<p>
<a name="SHRDPORT"></a>
<dt><code>SHRDPORT &nbsp; <em>nnnn</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the port number (in decimal) on which the <a href="shared.html">Shared Device server</a>
will listen. Specifying SHRDPORT will allow other Hercules instances
to access devices on this instance. (Currently only DASD devices may
be shared). By default, the other Hercules instances (clients) will
use port 3990. If you specify a different port number, then you will
have to specify this port number on the device statement for the other
Hercules clients.
If no SHRDPORT statement is present then the Shared Device server thread
will not be activated.<br>
<p>
<a name="SYSEPOCH"></a>
<dt><code>SYSEPOCH &nbsp; <em>yyyy</em> [&plusmn;<em>years</em>]</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the base date for the TOD clock. Use the default value
(<code>1900</code>) for all systems except OS/360. Use <code>1960</code>
for OS/360. Values other than these were formerly used to offset the
TOD clock by a number of years to move the date before the year 2000 for
non-Y2K-compliant operating systems. This use is deprecated, and support
will be removed in a future release; at that time, only values of
<code>1900</code> or <code>1960</code> will be accepted. Other values
will produce a warning message with the equivalent values to specify in
the SYSEPOCH statement.<br>
An optional year offset may be specified, and will be treated as though
it had been specified on a <a href="#YROFFSET"><code>YROFFSET</code></a>
statement.
<p>
<a name="SYSGPORT"></a>
<dt><code>SYSGPORT &nbsp; <i><u>NO</u></i> &nbsp;<i>-or-</i> &nbsp;<i>3278</i> &nbsp;<i>-or-</i> &nbsp;<i>nnnn</i> &nbsp;<i>-or-</i> &nbsp;<i>host:port</i></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies (typically) the port number (in decimal) to which tn3270
and telnet clients should use to connect to a <a href="#SYSG">SYSG</a>
console device or the value <code>NO</code>. The default is
<code><u>NO</u></code>, meaning no separate listening socket
will be created for SYSG console connections. If an invalid value
is specified Hercules defaults to port number <u>3278</u>.
See also the <a href="#CNSLPORT"><code>CNSLPORT</code></a> statement.
<p>
The <code>SYSGPORT</code> statement may also be specified as
<code>host:port</code>, where <code>host</code> identifies the
IP address of the host interface the telnet console server should
bind to (listen for connections on). If not specified the server
will accept connections on the port from any host interface.
<p>
See the <a href="telnet.html">Telnet/tn3270 Console How-To</a>
for additional information about setting up a telnet or tn3270 client.
<p>
Note that the SYSGPORT statement will be ignored and no listening port
will be opened unless your configuration has a <a href="#device_types_table">
SYSG device</a> defined.
<p>
<a name="TIMERINT"></a>
<dt><code>TIMERINT &nbsp; DEFAULT &#124; <em>nnnn</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the internal timers update interval, in microseconds.
This parameter specifies how frequently Hercules's internal
timers-update thread updates the TOD Clock, CPU Timer, and other
architectural related clock/timer values.
<p>
When the z/Architecure Transactional-Execution Facility (073_TRANSACT_EXEC)
is not installed or enabled, the minimum and default intervals are 1
and 50 microseconds respectively, which strikes a reasonable balance
between clock accuracy and overall host performance.
<p>
When the z/Architecure Transactional-Execution Facility <i><u>is</u></i> installed and
enabled, the minimum and default intervals are 200 and 400 microseconds.
<p>
The maximum allowed interval is 999999 microseconds
(one microsecond less than one second).
<p>
Also note that due to host system limitations and/or design, some
hosts may round up and/or
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timer_coalescing">coalesce</a>
short microsecond intervals to a much longer millisecond interval instead.
<p>
<i><b><u>CAUTION!</u></b> &nbsp;While lower TIMERINT values <u>may</u> help increase the accuracy
of your guest's TOD Clock and CPU Timer values, it could also have a
<b>severe negative impact</b> on host operating system performance as well.
You should exercise <u>extreme caution</u> when choosing your TIMERINT value
in relationship to the actual process priority (nice value) of the
Hercules process itself.
</i>
<p>
<a name="TODDRAG"></a>
<dt><code>TODDRAG &nbsp; <em>n.nn</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the TOD clock drag factor. This parameter can be used
to slow down or speed up the TOD clock by a factor of <em>nn</em>.
A significant slowdown can improve the performance of some operating
systems which consume significant amounts of CPU time processing
timer interrupts.
A drag factor of 2.0 slows down the clock by 50%. A drag factor of
0.5 doubles the speed of the clock. A drag factor of 1.01 slows
down the clock by 1%, and 0.99 speeds up the clock by 1%.
<p>
<a name="TRACEOPT"></a>
<dt><code>TRACEOPT &nbsp; [<u>TRADITIONAL</u> &#124; REGSFIRST &#124; NOREGS] &nbsp;[NOCH9OFLOW]</code>
<dd><p>
Sets the Hercules instruction and device tracing option(s).
<p>
<code>TRADITIONAL</code> (the default), displays the instruction about
to be executed followed by the current register values such that pressing
the ENTER key (to execute the displayed instruction) then shows the next
instruction to be executed followed by a display of the updated registers.
<p>
<code>REGSFIRST</code> displays the current register values first, followed
by the instruction about to be executed, such that pressing the ENTER key
(to execute the displayed instruction) then shows the newly updated
register values (that the instruction just updated) followed by the next
instruction about to be executed.
<p>
<code>NOREGS</code> suppresses the registers display altogether and shows
just the instruction about to be executed.
<p>
<code>NOCH9OFLOW</code> suppresses CCW tracing of printer channel-9 overflow
unit checks which are considered completely normal and not true device errors.
The unit checks still occur, they are simply not traced unless CCW tracing
is explicitly enabled on the device.
<p>
<a name="TZOFFSET"></a>
<dt><code>TZOFFSET &nbsp; &plusmn;<em>hhmm</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the hours and minutes by which the TOD clock will
be offset from the current system time. For GMT, use the
default value (0000). For timezones west of Greenwich, specify
a negative value (example: <code>-0500</code> for US Eastern Standard
Time, <code>-0800</code> for US Pacific Standard Time).
For timezones east of Greenwich, specify a positive value
(example: <code>+0100</code> for Central European Time,
<code>+0930</code> for South Australian Time).
<p>
<a name="XPNDSIZE"></a>
<dt><code>XPNDSIZE &nbsp; <em>nnnn</em> &#124;
<em>nnn</em>M &#124;
<em>nnn</em>G &#124;
<em>nnn</em>T &#124;
<em>nnn</em>P &#124;
<em>nnn</em>E</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the expanded storage size in megabytes, where
<code><em>nnnn</em></code> is a decimal number. Or,
<code><em>nnnM</em></code> &nbsp;where <code><em>M</em></code>&nbsp;
is K - Kilobytes, M - Megabytes, G - Gigabytes, T - Terabytes,
P - Petabytes, E - Exabytes.
<p>
Storage sizes not on a 1M boundary are rounded up to the next 1M
boundary. The lower limit and default is 0.
<p>
<b>Notes:</b>
<ol><p><li>
The actual upper limit is determined by your host system's
architecture and operating system, the guest operating system, and
the amount of physical memory and available paging space. The total
of mainsize and xpndsize on host systems with a 32-bit architecture
will be limited to less than 4G; host systems with a 64-bit
architecture will be limited to less than 16E.
</li><p><li>
Use of storage sizes greater than supported by the guest operating
system may generate incorrect results or error conditions within the
guest operating system.
</li></ol>
<p>
<a name="YROFFSET"></a>
<dt><code>YROFFSET &nbsp; &plusmn;<em>years</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies a number of years to offset the TOD clock from the actual
date. Positive numbers will move the clock forward in time, while
negative numbers will move it backward. A common value for
non-Y2K-compliant operating systems is <code>YROFFSET -28</code>, which
has the advantage that the day of the week and the presence or absence
of February 29 is the same as the current year. This value may not be
specified as greater than &plusmn;142 years, the total range of the TOD
clock. Specifying a value that causes the computed TOD clock year to be
earlier than the value of <a href="#SYSEPOCH"><code>SYSEPOCH</code></a>
or more than 142 years later than that value will produce unexpected
results.
<p>
</dl>
<p>
A comment preceded by a &#035; sign may be appended to any system
parameter statement.
<p>
<hr><!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<a name="subs"></a>
<h3>Symbol substitutions</h3></a>
<p>
In configuration and device statements, as well as in panel commands and OAT files,
symbols may be substituted for text.
<h4>Syntax</h4>
<p>
To substitute symbol <em>symbol</em> with its contents, the symbol should be enclosed
within parenthesis and preceded by a $ sign. For example, if symbol <em>FOO</em> contains
the text string <em>&quot;BAR&quot;</em> then <em>$(FOO)</em> will be substituted with the
string <em>&quot;BAR&quot</em>;. Symbol names are case sensitive.
<h5>Example</h5><code><pre>
DEFSYM TAPEDIR &quot;/home/hercules/tapes&quot;
...
0380 3420 $(TAPEDIR)/scratch.aws
...</pre></code>
<p>
In this example, device 0380 will be a 3420 loaded with the AWS tape file in <code>/home/hercules/tapes/scratch.aws</code>
<h4>Special symbols</h4>
<h5>Device group symbols</h5>
<p>
When multiple devices are defined with a single device definition statement, then the symbols<P>
<blockquote>
<TABLE BORDER=0>
<ul compact>
<TR><TD><LI>&nbsp; CUU &nbsp; </TD><TD> &nbsp; (3 digits device number, upper case hexadecimal digits)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD><LI>&nbsp; CCUU &nbsp; </TD><TD> &nbsp; (4 digits device number, upper case hexadecimal digits)</TD></TR>
<TR><TD><LI>&nbsp; DEVN &nbsp; </TD><TD> &nbsp; (4 digits device number, upper case hexadecimal digits)</TD></TR>
</ul>
</TABLE>
</blockquote>
<p>
are defined to contain for each device the relevant device address. For example:
<p>
<code><pre>
0200,0201 3340 /home/hercules/dasds/myvols.$(CUU)
</pre></code>
<p>
will define two 3340 packs, with device 0200 being loaded with the file myvols.200 and
device 0201 defined with myvols.201.
<h5>Environment variables</h5>
<p>
If a symbol is not explicitly defined by a DEFSYM statement and an environment
variable by the same name exists, the string contents of that environment variable
will be used for substitution.
<h5>Undefined symbols</h5>
<p>
If a symbol is not defined by an explicit DEFSYM, is not an automatically generated symbol
and is not an environment variable, an empty string will be substituted.
<h4>Escaping substitution, recursion</h4>
<p>
To be able to specify the '$(' string without incurring substitution, an additional '$' sign
should be used. For example, $$(FOO) will not be substituted. If substitution is required but
the preceding text is to contain a '$' sign as the very last character, then $$$(FOO) should be
specified. Thus, if symbol FOO contains &quot;BAR&quot;, then $$(FOO) will remain &quot;$$(FOO)&quot; while $$$(FOO)
will become &quot;$BAR&quot;.
<p>
Substitution is <i>not</i> recursive (only one substitution pass is made).
<p>
<hr><!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<a name="ENHSYMINC"></a>
<h3>Enhanced symbol substitutions</h3></a>
<p>
Enhanced symbol substitution differs from the above normal symbol substitution
in several very important ways:
<p>
First, the syntax is different. Enhanced substitution symbol names are specified
using <code>${var}</code> (dollar + brace) rather than <code>$(var)</code>
(dollar + parenthesis).
<p>
Second, the enhanced syntax supports specifying a default value that is to be used
instead whenever the name symbol is otherwise not defined. The default value is
placed within the opening and closing braces just as the symbol name is, but
separated from it by either a single equal sign '<code>=</code>' or a
colon-equal-sign '<code>:=</code>'.
<p>
For example, specifying "<code>${DASD_PATH=dasd/}</code>" in your configuration
file requests that the value of the "DASD_PATH" symbol or environment variable be
substituted, or, if the variable is undefined, to use the value "<code>dasd/</code>"
instead. If no default value is specified then an empty string is used instead.
<p>
Finally, enhanced symbol substitution occurs only from host defined environment
variables and <i>not</i> from any identically named <code>DEFSYM</code> symbol
should one exist. For example, if environment variable 'FOO' is defined with the
value "bar", then the configuration file statement "<code>DEFSYM FOO myfoo</code>"
followed immediately by the statement "<code>${FOO}</code>" causes the value
"<code>bar</code>" to be substituted and <i>not</i> '<code>myfoo</code>' as might
otherwise be believed, whereas the statement "<code>$(FOO)</code>", since it is
a normal symbol substitution sequence <i>does</i> get replaced with "<code>myfoo</code>"
(since that was the value defined to it via the preceding <code>DEFSYM</code>
statement).
<p>
In other words each symbol substitution technique is supported completely separately
from one another. <code>DEFSYM</code> allows one to define/undefine/use private (internally
defined) symbols separate from the host operating system's environment variable pool,
whereas the enhanced symbol substitution does not and instead only allows read-only
access to the host's environment variable pool with no support for modifying an already
defined symbol (environment variable) but a nonethless convenient means of defining
a default value to be used should the specified host environment variable be currently
undefined.
<p>
Further note that symbol names, being the names of environment variables, are subject
to whatever case sensitivity or case insensitivity that the host operating system
happens to enforce/allow. On Windows, environment variables are not case sensitive, whereas on other
operating systems they may be. Thus "<code>${FOO}</code>", "<code>${foo}</code>",
"<code>${Foo}</code>", etc, all cause the same value to be substituted on Windows,
whereas the <code>DEFSYM</code> symbols <code>$(FOO)</code> and <code>$(foo)</code>,
being two completely different and unique symbols, could be substituted with two
completely different values (since <code>DEFSYM</code> <b><i>is</i></b>
case sensitive across <i>all</i> supported platforms, <i>including</i> Windows).
<p>
<h4>Syntax</h4>
<p>
To substitute symbol <em>symbol</em> with the current environment variable value,
the symbol should be enclosed within braces and preceded by a $ sign. For example,
if an environment variable named <code>FOO</code> holds the value "BAR", then
<code>${FOO}</code> will be substituted with the string "BAR". If the environment variable
"FOO" is not defined then a null (empty) string is substituted instead.
<p>
If the string "<code>${FOO:=myfoo}</code>" is used instead, then the value "BAR" will still be
substituted if the value "BAR" was indeed previously assigned to FOO, but will be
substituted with the value "<code>myfoo</code>" instead if the environment variable
FOO is currently undefined.
<p>
Note too that the default value is a literal
string and no substitution is applied to it. Thus attempting to use the syntax
"<code>${foo=${bar}}</code>" will <i>not</i> yield the expected results. It will
<i>not</i> be substituted with the currently defined value of the "bar" environment
variable, but rather will <i>always</i> be substituted with the literal string
"<code>${bar</code>" followed immediately by the literal character '<code>}</code>'.
<p>
Symbol names (environment variable names) are not case sensitive on Windows whereas
they might be on other host operating systems.
<p>
<hr><!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<h3>Process and Thread Priorities</h3>
<p>
<h4>Process Priorities</h4>
<P>
For Windows, the following conversions are used for translating Unix
process 'nice' values to Windows process priority classes:
<P>
<table frame="VOID" rules="NONE" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<TR>
<TH ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">'Nice'<br>value</TH>
<TH ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%"><BR></TH>
<TH ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Windows Process<br>Priority Class</TH>
<TH ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%"><br>Meaning</TH>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">-20 to -16</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Real-time</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
Process that has the highest possible priority. The threads of the process
preempt the threads of all other processes, including operating system processes
performing important tasks. For example, a real-time process that executes for
more than a very brief interval can cause disk caches not to flush or cause
the mouse to be unresponsive.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">-15 to -9</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">High</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
Process that performs time-critical tasks that must be executed immediately.
The threads of the process preempt the threads of normal or idle priority class
processes. An example is the Task List, which must respond quickly when called
by the user, regardless of the load on the operating system. Use extreme care
when using the high-priority class, because a high-priority class application
can use nearly all available CPU time.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">-8 to -1</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Above Normal</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
Process that has priority above the Normal class but below the High class.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">0 to +7</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Normal</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
Process with no special scheduling needs.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">+8 to +14</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Below Normal</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
Process that has priority above the Idle class but below the Normal class.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">+15 to +19</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Idle</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
Process whose threads run only when the system is idle. The threads of the
process are preempted by the threads of any process running in a higher priority
class. An example is a screen saver. The idle-priority class is inherited by
child processes.
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<p>
<blockquote>
<i>
<b>Caution!</b>&nbsp;
A high process priority (or low 'nice' value) could have a impact on how
Hercules's internal thread priorities are interpreted, thereby impacting
the overall performance of your host system.
</i>
</blockquote>
<p>
<h4>Thread Priorities</h4>
<P>
The following are the currently assigned internal relative thread priorities
for Hercules:
<P>
<table frame="VOID" rules="NONE" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<TR>
<TH ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">Relative<br>priority</TH>
<TH ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%"><BR></TH>
<TH ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Thread<br>Type</TH>
<TH ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%"><br>Description</TH>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">1</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">(watchdog)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
The "watch dog" thread is the internal Hercules thread that monitors
all CPU threads for a malfunctioning CPU (i.e. one that, due to a bug,
has stopped executing instructions). The watch dog thread is always
set to a relative priority one less than the priority assigned to
the CPU threads.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">2</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">CPU</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
The CPU threads are those within Hercules that actually execute the emulated
System/370, ESA/390, or z/Architecture instructions. There is one CPU thread
for each defined ENGINE. Except for the watch dog thread, CPU threads are always
assigned the lowest relative priority of any thread within Hercules. This
allows, for example, I/O requests to be scheduled and completed
in favour of CPU cycles being burned.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">3</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Device</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
Device threads within Hercules manage the I/O requests to emulated devices.
Assigning the internal relative priority of device threads to be higher than
that of the CPU threads ensures no compute-bound CPU thread impacts Hercules's
ability to start and complete its I/O requests to its emulated devices.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">4</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Server</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
Server threads are those threads that provide a service to either the user or
to other threads internal to Hercules. Threads that monitor for incoming
emulated display terminal connection requests for example (or the internal
logger thread that manages the passing of messages between threads) are two
examples of server threads. Such threads must react to connection requests
and/or internal messages quickly since other threads are waiting for them
to complete their task before they themselves can proceed.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">5</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Panel</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
The main Hercules thread is the one that reads commands from the keyboard and
displays messages on the screen. Except for the TOD Clock and Timer thread, it
should normally be the highest priority of any thread within Hercules.
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">6</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">(unused)</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
---
</TD>
</TR>
<TR> <!-- ============================================================================ -->
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">&nbsp;</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="RIGHT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="11%">7</TD>
<TD ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="6%">&nbsp;</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="15%">Timer</TD>
<TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="BASELINE" WIDTH="67%">
TOD Clock and Timer thread is the thread which manages the internal emulated
TOD Clock and CPU Timer components of your emulated mainframe. In order to
ensure accurate time of day and elapsed time and/or CPU time measurement, it
should always be the very highest priority thread within Hercules.
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<p>
<blockquote>
<i>
<b>Caution:</b>&nbsp;
Hercules's internal thread priorities could be interpreted differently
based on its process priority (or 'nice' value), thereby impacting the
overall performance of your host system.
</i>
</blockquote>
<p>
<hr><!-- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -->
<a name="device_stmts"></a>
<h3>Device statements</h3>
<p>
The remaining statements in the configuration file are device statements.
There must be one device statement for each I/O device or group of
identical I/O devices. The format of the device statement is:
<p>
<blockquote>
<code><em>devnum(s) &nbsp; devtype</em> &nbsp; [ <em>arguments</em> ] &nbsp; [ <em># comments...</em> ] </code>
</blockquote>
<p>
where the generic syntax for device numbers is &nbsp;
<code>[n:]CCUU[,CCUU][-CCUU][.nn][...]</code> &nbsp;
as explained below:
<blockquote>
<dl> <!-- begin Device statements -->
<a name="devnums"></a>
<dt><code><em>devnum(s)</em></code>
<dd><p>
is either a single <em>devnum</em>, a range of <em>devnums</em> (separated by a '-' (dash)),
a count of <em>devnums</em> (separated by a '.' (dot/period/stop)), or a comma separated
list of <em>devnums</em>. Examples would be 200-210 or 0300.10 or 0400,0403 or 0100,0110-011F.
<p>
All devices defined when <em>devnums</em> specifies more than one device
have identical characteristics (except for the device number itself).
All devices defined as a group must be defined on a single channel.
A channel is defined as a contiguous group of 256 (or hexadecimal 100) devices.
0010 and 0020 are on the same channels. 0100 and 0210 are not.
<p>
See <em>devnum</em> immediately below for an explanation of how each device number is specified.
<p />
The 4 special subtitution symbols CUU, CCUU, cuu and ccuu are also defined for each
device in a device group. See <a href="#subs">substitutions</a> for details.
<p>
<dt><code><em>devnum</em></code>
<dd><p>
is either a 1 to 4 digit hexadecimal number in the range 0000 to FFFF
for ESA/390, or 0000 to 0FFF for S/370. The device number uniquely
identifies each device to the operating system.
<p>
<dt><code><em>Channel Set / Logical Channel Subsystem</em></code>
<dd><p>
An optional Channel Set or Logical Channel Subsystem Identification can be
specified for a device number or group of devices. The Identification
number is specified at the beginning of the definition, followed by a ':'
character. For example :<p>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <code>1:0400-040F &nbsp;3270</code><p>
defines 3270 devices 400 to 40F to be on S/370 Channel Set 1 or on S/390
or z/Architecture Logical Channel Subsystem #1.<p>
Since each Logical Channel Subsystem defines its own device numbering space,
care should be taken in S/370 mode as to define a coherent set of device
numbers.<p>
Not all S/390 or z/Architecture operating systems support Multiple Logical
Channel Subsystems (this feature was introduced with the z9-109).<p>
If no Channel Set or Logical Channel Subsystem Identification is specified,
then it is assumed to be 0.
<p>
<dt><code><em>devtype</em></code>
<dd><p>
is the device type. Valid device types are shown in the
<a href="#device_types_table">table</a> just below.
<p>
<dt><code><em>arguments</em></code>
<dd><p>
is a list of parameters whose meaning depends on the device type.
The arguments required for each class of device are shown further
below.
<p>
<dt><code><em># comments...</em></code>
<dd><p>
A comment preceded by a &#035; sign may be appended to any device
definition statement.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Device statements -->
</blockquote>
<p><br>
<a name="device_types_table"></a>
<table width=85%>
<tr>
<td width=15%>
&nbsp;
</td>
<td>
<table border=1 cellpadding=8>
<tr>
<th colspan=3><br><big>Supported Device Types</big><p></th>
</tr>
<tr><th>Device type</th>
<th>Description</th>
<th>Emulated by</th>
</tr>
<tr><td>3270, 3287</td>
<td><a href="#loc3270">Local non-SNA 3270 display or printer</a></td>
<td>TN3270 client connection</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>SYSG</td>
<td><a href="#SYSG">Integrated 3270 console</a></td>
<td>TN3270 client connection</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>1052, 3215</td>
<td><a href="#conprkb">Console printer-keyboards</a></td>
<td>Telnet client connection</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>1052-C, 3215-C</td>
<td><a href="#consysc">Integrated console printer-keyboards</a></td>
<td>Integrated on Hercules console</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>1442, 2501, 3505</td>
<td><a href="#cardrdr">Card readers</a></td>
<td>Disk file(s) (ASCII or EBCDIC)</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>3525</td>
<td><a href="#cardpch">Card punch</a></td>
<td>Disk file (ASCII or EBCDIC)</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>1403, 3203, 3211</td>
<td><a href="#printer">Line printers</a></td>
<td>Disk file (ASCII)</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>3410, 3420, 3422, 3430, 3480, 3490, 3590, 9347, 8809</td>
<td><a href="#tapedev">Tape drives</a></td>
<td>Disk file, CDROM, or SCSI tape</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
&nbsp; &nbsp;<a href="#COMM"><i>many</i></a>
</td>
<td>
Communication and Channel-to-Channel devices
</td>
<td>
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <a href="#COMM"><i>many</i></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
(( <a href="#QETH">OSA</a> ))
</td>
<td>
OSA Express adapter operating on QDIO mode.
Both layer-2 and layer-3 modes are supported.
</td>
<td>
<a href="#QETH">"QETH" (OSA/QDIO Ethernet Adapter)
<br>Tun/Tap Driver</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
(( <a href="#LCS">LCS</a> ))
</td>
<td>
IBM 8232 LCS device, LCS3172 driver of a P/390,
IBM 2216 router, IBM 3172 running ICP.
</td>
<td>
<a href="#LCS">"LCS" (LAN Channel Station)
<br>Tun/Tap Driver</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
(( <a href="#CTCI">CTCI</a> ))
</td>
<td>
Channel-to-Channel link to host TCP/IP stack
</td>
<td>
<a href="#CTCI">"CTCI" Tun/Tap Driver</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
(( <a href="#CTCE">CTCE</a> ))
</td>
<td>
Enhanced Channel-to-Channel Emulation<br>
via TCP connection <i>(true 3088 CTCA)</i>
</td>
<td>
<a href="#CTCE">"CTCE" driver</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
(( <a href="#PTP">PTP</a> ))
</td>
<td>
MPCPTP/MPCPTP6 Channel to Channel link
</td>
<td>
<a href="#PTP">"PTP" Tun/Tap Driver</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>3310, 3370, 9332, 9335, 9336, 0671</td>
<td><a href="#fbadasd">FBA direct access storage devices</a></td>
<td>Disk file</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>2305, 2311, 2314, 3330, 3340, 3350, 3375, 3380, 3390, 9345</td>
<td><a href="#ckddasd">CKD direct access storage devices</a></td>
<td>Disk file</td>
</tr>
<tr><td>2703</td>
<td><a href="#2703">Communication Line</a>, <a href="#2703">Remote Teletype</a>, etc.</td>
<td>TCP Socket</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p><br>
<h4>Arguments required for each device type</h4>
<dl> <!-- begin Arguments for each device type -->
<p>
<a name="3270"></a>
<a name="loc3270"></a>
<dt><em>Local non-SNA 3270 devices</em>
<dd><p>
There are no required arguments for this particular device type, but
there are however several optional arguments which are discussed below.
<p>
To use this device, a tn3270 client must connect to the host machine
via the port number specified on the <a href="#CNSLPORT">CNSLPORT</a>
statement. A valid tn3270 device type, such as IBM-3278, must be used.
See the <a href="telnet.html">Telnet/tn3270 Console How-To</a>
for additional information about setting up a tn3270 client.
<p>
If your tn3270 client software allows you to specify a device type suffix
(e.g. <code>IBM-3278@001F</code> ), then you can use the suffix to connect
to that specific device number, if eligible. If no suffix is specified,
then your client will be connected to the first available 3270 device for
which it is eligible, if any.
<p>
If you specify a specific terminal device address (via the device type
suffix of your tn3270 client software), then you must be eligible to connect
at that device address or your connection is immediately rejected; an
alternative terminal device for which you <i>might</i> be eligible is
<i>not</i> automatically selected instead.
<p>
Optional arguments:
<p>
<dl>
<a name="loc3270group"></a>
<dt><code><em>groupname</em></code>
<dd><p>
If a terminal group name is given on the device statement, a device type
suffix with this group name can be used to indicate that a device in this
group is to be used. If a group name is specified as a terminal type suffix
(e.g. <code>IBM-3278@GROUPNAME</code> ) and there are no devices defined
for that group (or there are no more available devices remaining in that
group), then the connection is rejected. If no group name is specified
as a terminal type suffix, then the connection will only be eligible for
any terminal devices which do <i>not</i> have a group name specified on
their device statements. The terminal group name, if specified, should
be 1 to 8 alphanumeric characters, the first character being alphabetic,
and it should <i>not</i> be a hexadecimal number. Upper and lower case
letters in the group name are considered to be equivalent.
<p>
<a name="loc3270ipaddr"></a>
<dt><code><em>ipaddr</em> [ <em>mask</em> ]</code>
<dd><p>
The optional IP address and optional subnet mask specify the IP address(es)
of which client(s) are allowed to connect at the device address identified
by the device statement on which they appear. This provides an alternative
and/or additional means of specifying to which device(s) a client tn3270
session may, or should, connect.
<p>
If the IP address of the tn3270 client trying to connect, when 'and'ed with
the optional subnet mask (which defaults to 255.255.255.255 if not specified),
matches the IP address entered on the device statement, then the client
is eligible to connect at that device address. Otherwise the client is
ineligible to connect at that address and the next available device, if
any, for which the client is eligible to connect (if any) is selected instead.
<p>
If no permissible terminal devices remain (i.e. terminal devices for which
the client is eligible to connect), or there are no more available terminal
devices remaining, then the client connection is rejected.
<p>
The optional IP address and subnet mask may also be specified in conjunction
with the previously mentioned terminal group argument, but the terminal group
argument, if specified, must be specified <i>ahead of</i> (i.e. before) the
optional IP address and subnet mask arguments. To specify an IP address and
subnet mask without also specifying a terminal group, simply use '*' as the
group name instead.
<p>
If an IP address / subnet mask are <i>not</i> specified, then <i>any</i>
client tn3270 session is allowed to connect to the device (provided they are also
a member of the specified terminal group, if any).
<p>
The terminal group name argument, if specified, always takes precedence over
any optional IP address and subnet mask which may also be specified.
<p>
</dl>
To summarize, the device number suffix always takes precedence over any group name
which may also be specified, and any group name, if specified, always takes precedence
over any IP address / subnet mask value which may also be specified.
<p>
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="SYSG"></a>
<dt><em>Integrated 3270 console device</em> &nbsp; (SYSG)
<dd><p>
The integrated 3270 (SYSG) console is similar to a <a href="#loc3270">local non-SNA
3270</a> device, except that it is not addressed by subchannel number and it is
supported only by certain system control programs. The SYSG console is defined
like a 3270 device except that the device number is ignored (but is usually specified
as 0000) and the device type is specified as "SYSG". Only one SYSG console device
may be defined in a configuration.
<p>
Use tn3270 client software to connect to the SYSG console device via the port number
specified on the <a href="#SYSGPORT">SYSGPORT</a> statement if specified <i>(or to
the port number specified on the <a href="#CNSLPORT">CNSLPORT</a> statement if not
specified)</i>, just as you would connect to a regular local non-SNA 3270 device.
See the <a href="telnet.html">Telnet/tn3270 Console How-To</a>
for additional information about setting up a tn3270 client.
<p>
The SYSG console device configuration statement recognizes optional arguments
which specify <a href="#loc3270group">group name</a> and
<a href="#loc3270ipaddr">IP address</a> in the same way as previously described
for a <a href="#loc3270">local non-SNA 3270</a> devices. When the
<a href="#SYSGPORT">SYSGPORT</a> statement is not specified, these optional
arguments provide an alternate way to ensure that a given tn3270 client
can connect directly to the SYSG device. If the group name and IP address
arguments are not specified (and no <a href="#SYSGPORT">SYSGPORT</a> statement
is specified), then the SYSG console is considered to be a member of the general
pool of devices eligible for connection by any incoming tn3270 client.
<p>
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="consysc"></a>
<dt><em>Integrated Console printer-keyboard devices</em> &nbsp; (-C)
<dd><p>
There are two optional arguments: the command prefix argument and the
optional <code>noprompt</code> argument.
<p>
Since integrated console printer-keyboard devices use the Hercules HMC
panel (Hardware Management Console) for all input and output, the command
prefix is needed so Hercules can distinguish between input meant for the
device and normal Hercules panel command input.
<p>
All integrated console devices must use a different command prefix and
must not be a subset or superset of any other device's command prefix.
If one is not specified then the next available default is chosen from
the following list:
<p>
<pre>
Hex Glyph Description
0x2F / slash (default)
0x60 ` backtick
0x3D = equals
0x7E ~ tilde
0x40 @ at sign
0x24 $ dollar
0x25 % percent
0x5E ^ caret
0x26 & ampersand
0x5F _ underline
0x3A : colon
0x3F ? question
0x30 0 zero
0x31 1 one
0x32 2 two
0x33 3 three
0x34 4 four
0x35 5 five
0x36 6 six
0x37 7 seven
0x38 8 eight
0x39 9 nine</pre>
<p>
If your command prefix was the '/' slash character for example, then to send
a logon command to a 1052-C or 3215-C device, you would enter "/logon" on the
Hercules console. Or, if your command prefix was "foo=" then you would enter
"foo=logon", etc.
<p>
When your guest operating system writes a message to an integrated console
printer-keyboard device, the message displayed on the Hercules console is
always prefixed with the device's command prefix string so you can distinguish
it from messages written by other integrated console devices and/or Hercules
itself.
<p>
The second optional argument for integrated console printer-keyboard devices
is the <code>noprompt</code> keyword. If not specified, then whenever the
system is awaiting input on that device, the prompting message "Enter input
for console device nnnn" is displayed on the Hercules console. The
<code>noprompt</code> option suppresses this prompting message.
<p>
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="conprkb"></a>
<dt><em>Console printer-keyboard devices</em>
<dd><p>
There are no required arguments for this particular device type, but
there are however several optional arguments discussed below.
<p>
To use this device, a telnet client must connect to the host machine
via the port number specified on the <a href="#CNSLPORT">CNSLPORT</a> statement.
See the <a href="telnet.html">Telnet/tn3270 Console How-To</a>
for additional information about setting up a telnet or tn3270 client.
<p>
If your telnet client software allows you to specify a device type suffix
(for example: <code>ansi@0009</code> ), then you can use that suffix to specify
the specific 1052 or 3215 device to which you wish to connect. If you do not
specify a suffix in your telnet client software (or your software does not
allow it), then your client will be connected to the first available 1052 or
3215 device for which it is eligible.
<p>
An optional <code>noprompt</code> argument may be specified on the device
statement to cause suppression of the "Enter input for console device nnnn"
prompt message which is otherwise normally issued to the device whenever
the system is awaiting input on that device.
<p>
Additionally, a terminal group name, IP address and subnet mask may all also
be optionally specified in the exact same manner as discussed in the previous
<a href="#loc3270">Local non-SNA 3270 devices</a> section with the exception
that the "noprompt" option, if specified, must precede the other arguments.
<p>
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="1442"></a>
<a name="3505"></a>
<a name="cardrdr"></a>
<dt><em>Card reader devices</em>
<dd><p>
The argument specifies a list of file names containing card images.
Additional arguments may be specified after the file names:
<p>
<dl>
<dt><code>sockdev</code>
<dd><p>
Indicates the card reader is a socket device wherein the
filename is actually a socket specification instead of a
device filename. When used, there must only be one filename
specified in the form: <code>port</code> or <code>host:port</code>
or <code>sockpath/sockname</code>. The device then accepts
remote connections on the given TCP/IP port or Unix Domain
Socket, and reads data from the socket instead of from a device
file. This allows automatic remote submission of card reader
data. See the <a href="hercrdr.html">Hercules Socket Reader</a>
page for more details.
<p>
<dt><code>eof</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that unit exception status is presented after
reading the last card in the file. This option is persistent, and
will remain in effect until the reader is reinitialized with the
<code>intrq</code> option.
<p>
<dt><code>intrq</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that unit check status with intervention required
sense bytes is presented after reading the last card
in the file. This option is persistent, and will remain in
effect until the reader is reinitialized with the <code>eof</code>
option.
<p>
<dt><code>multifile</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies, when multiple input files are entered, to
automatically open the next input file and continue reading
whenever EOF is encountered on a given file. If not specified,
then reading stops once EOF is reached on a given file and
an attention interrupt is then required to open and begin
reading the next file.
<p>
<dt><code>ebcdic</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that the file contains fixed length 80-byte EBCDIC
records with no line-end delimiters.
<p>
<dt><code>ascii</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that the file contains variable length lines of
ASCII characters delimited by LF (line feed) sequences or CRLF
(carraige return line feed) sequences at the end of each line.
<p>
If neither EBCDIC nor ASCII is specified, then the device handler
attempts to detect the format of the card image file when the device
is first accessed.
Auto-detection is not supported for socket devices, and the default
is ASCII if sockdev is specified.
<p>
<dt><code>trunc</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies, for ASCII files, that lines longer than 80
characters are truncated instead of producing a unit check
error.
<p>
<dt><code>autopad</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies, for EBCDIC files, that the file is automatically
padded to a multiple of 80 bytes if necessary.
<p>
</dl>
<p>
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="3525"></a>
<a name="cardpch"></a>
<dt><em>Card punch devices</em>
<dd><p>
The argument specifies the name of a file to which the punched
output will be written.
Additional arguments may be specified after the file name:
<p>
<dl>
<dt><code>append</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that the output file, if it already exists, will
not be cleared to zero bytes when it is opened. Instead,
output will be appended to the end of the existing data.
If the <code>noclear</code> argument is not specified, then
any previous contents of the file is destroyed when the file
is opened (i.e. the file is set to empty (truncated to zero
bytes) as soon as it is opened).
<p>
<dt><code>ascii</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that the file will be written as variable length
lines of ASCII characters delimited by line feeds or
carriage return line feed sequences at the end of each line.
Trailing blanks are removed from each line.
This is the opposite of the <code>ebcdic</code> option.
<p>
<dt><code>crlf</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies, for ASCII files, that carriage return line feed
sequences are written at the end of each line.
If the <code>crlf</code> argument is not specified, then
line-feeds only are written at the end of each line.
<p>
<dt><code>ebcdic</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the file is written as fixed length 80-byte EBCDIC
records with no line-end delimiters (the opposite of the
<code>ascii</code> option). This is the default.
<p>
<dt><code>noclear</code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated)</i>
<dd><p>
This option is deprecated and will be removed in a future
release. Please use the more aptly named <code>append</code>
option instead.
<p>
<dt><code>sockdev</code>
<dd><p>
Indicates the card punch is a socket device wherein the
filename is actually a socket specification instead of a
device filename. When used, there must only be one filename
specified in the form: <code>port</code> or <code>host:port</code>.
The device then accepts
remote connections on the given TCP/IP port,
and writes data to the socket instead of to a device
file. This allows automatic remote spooling of card punch
data. The sockdev option is mutually exclusive with the
<code>crlf</code> and <code>append</code> options.
<p>
</dl>
<p>
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="1403"></a>
<a name="printer"></a>
<dt><em>Line printer devices</em>
<dd><p>
The argument specifies the name of a file to which the printer
output will be written. The output is written in the form of
variable length lines of ASCII characters delimited by line
feeds or by carriage return line feed sequences. Trailing
blanks are removed from each line. Carriage control characters
are translated to blank lines or ASCII form feed characters.
If the file exists it will be overwritten.
<p>
Additional arguments may be specified after the file name:
<p>
<dl>
<dt><code>append</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that the output file, if it already exists, will
not be cleared to zero bytes when it is opened. Instead,
output will be appended to the end of the existing data.
If the <code>append</code> argument is not specified, then
any previous contents of the file is destroyed when the file
is opened (i.e. the file is set to empty (truncated to zero
bytes) as soon as it is opened).
<p>
<dt><code>cctape= &nbsp;<i>(lll=cc[,lll=cc]...)</i> | <i>name</i></code>
<dd><p>
This option defines the carriage control tape to use for this printer.
It is only valid for 1403 printer devices.
<p>
The option can be specified as either a series of <code>lll=cc</code>
values surrounded by parentheses where <code>lll</code> identifies
the carriage control tape's line number (<code>1-255</code>) and
<code>cc</code> indicates the channel punch for that line
(<code>1-12</code>), or as a predefined carriage control
tape <code>name</code>.
<p>
More than one channel punch may be specified for a line by either
specifying the desired list of channel punches for that line
within parentheses or by simply specifying the same line number again
in your list but with a different channel number each time.
<p>
The <code>name</code> format specifies the name of a predefined
carriage control tape. Valid predefined cctape names are:
<code>legacy</code>, <code>fcb2std2</code> or <code>fcb2id1</code>.
The default if not specified is <code>legacy</code>.
<blockquote>
<code><b><u>legacy</u></b>: &nbsp; &nbsp; cctape=(1=1,7=2,13=3,19=4,25=5,31=6,37=7,43=8,63=9,49=10,55=11,61=12)</code>
<br>
<code>fcb2std2: &nbsp; cctape=(1=1,7=2,13=3,19=4,25=5,31=6,37=7,43=8,49=9,55=10,61=11,63=12)</code>
<br>
<code>fcb2id1: &nbsp; &nbsp;cctape=(1=1,8=2,15=3,22=4,29=5,36=6,43=7,50=8,57=9,64=10,71=11,78=12)</code>
</blockquote>
Note that the <u>lines per page</u> value is not supported by the
<code>cctape</code> option. Instead, you must specify your desired
lines per page value separately via the <code>lpp</code> option.
<p>
<dt><code>crlf</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that carriage return line feed sequences should be written
at the end of each line. If the <code>crlf</code> argument is not specified
then the default behavior is to only write line-feeds at the end of each line.
<p>
<dt><code>fcb= &nbsp;<i>ppnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn</i> | <i>cc:lll[,cc:lll]...</i> | <i>name</i></code>
<dd><p>
This option is only valid for 3203 or 3211 printer devices.
It specifies an initial FCB image to use for this printer.
<p>
This option supports three different formats: old, new and name.
<p>
The old format argument must be exactly 26 digits long, and consist
of digits from 0 to 9. The first pair of digits (<code>pp</code>) specifies
the number of lines on a printed page (01-99). It is followed by 12 pairs
of digits (<code>nn</code>) which specify the line number on the page
(<code>00-99</code>) corresponding to each of the 12 possible FCB channels.
Specify the line number as <code>00</code> for those channels you wish to
leave undefined.
<p>
The new format is specified as a series of semicolon-delimited channel and
line number pairs (<code>cc:lll</code>), each successive pair separated
from the previous pair with a single comma, where <code>cc</code> indicates
the channel number and <code>lll</code> indicates the line number for that
channel (<code>0-255</code>). To leave a particular FCB channel undefined
either specify <code>0</code> for the line number or simply don't specify
that channel anywhere in your list.
<p>
The <code>name</code> format specifies the name of a predefined fcb image.
Valid predefined fcb image names are: <code>legacy</code>, <code>fcb2std2</code>,
<code>fcb2id1</code> or <code>hardware</code>. The default if not
specified is <code>legacy</code>.
<blockquote>
<code><b><u>legacy</u></b>: &nbsp; &nbsp; fcb=01:01,02:07,03:13,04:19,05:25,06:31,07:37,08:43,09:63,10:49,11:55,12:61</code>
<br>
<code>fcb2std2: &nbsp; fcb=01:01,02:07,03:13,04:19,05:25,06:31,07:37,08:43,09:49,10:55,11:61,12:63</code>
<br>
<code>fcb2id1: &nbsp; &nbsp;fcb=01:01,02:08,03:15,04:22,05:29,06:36,07:43,08:50,09:57,10:64,11:71,12:78</code>
<br>
<code>hardware: &nbsp; fcb=01:01</code>
</blockquote>
Note that the <u>lines per page</u> value is not supported by the
new or <code>name</code> formats of the <code>fcb</code> option.
Instead, you must specify your desired lines per page value separately
via the <code>lpp</code> option.
<p>
<dt><code>fcbcheck</code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated)</i>
<dd><p>
This option is only valid for 3203 or 3211 printer devices.
It requests that an attempt to skip to a FCB channel for which
no line number has been set should cause a Unit Check to occur.
This is the default. This option is deprecated and will be removed
in a future release.
<p>
<dt><code>index= &nbsp;<i>[-]nn</i> | <u>0</u></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the column number of the form (-31 to +31) where each print
line should begin. This option is only valid for 3211 printer devices.
For 3203 printer devices the option is accepted but is otherwise ignored.
<p>
Positive values prepend each print line with a number of blanks equal to
one less than the index value, thus "indenting" the print line to reach
the desired form column. An index value of 1 means flush-left.
A negative value causes the first <code>nn</code> columns of each print
line to be chopped off. A value of -1 will thus cause the first character
of each print line to be dropped, thereby causing the first column of
the page to begin with the second character of each printed line.
<p>
The default is 0 meaning to print normally (i.e. indexing is disabled).
<p>
<dt><code>lpi= &nbsp;<u>6</u> | 8</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the number of vertical lines per inch. The only valid values
are either 6 or 8. The default is 6.
<p>
<dt><code>lpp= &nbsp;<i>nnn</i> | <u>66</u></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the number of vertical lines per page (1-255). The default is 66.
<p>
<dt><code>noclear</code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated)</i>
<dd><p>
This option is deprecated and will be removed in a future
release. Please use the more aptly named <code>append</code>
option instead.
<p>
<dt><code>nofcbcheck</code> &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <i>(deprecated)</i>
<dd><p>
This option is only valid for 3203 or 3211 printer devices.
It requests that an attempt to skip to a FCB channel for which no
line number has been set should suppress the Unit Check that would
normally occur and to instead simply print the next line of output
on the next line instead. It is the opposite of the <code>fcbcheck</code>
option.
<p>
This option is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
The option will continue to be accepted for the time being if specified,
but is otherwise completely ignored. Skips to non-existent FCB channels
will always cause a Unit Check regardless of this option.
<p>
<dt><code>sockdev</code>
<dd><p>
Indicates the line printer is a socket device wherein the
filename is actually a socket specification instead of a
device filename. When used, there must only be one filename
specified in the form: <code>port</code> or <code>host:port</code>.
The device then accepts
remote connections on the given TCP/IP port,
and writes data to the socket instead of to a device
file. This allows automatic remote spooling of line printer
data. The sockdev option is mutually exclusive with the
<code>crlf</code> and <code>append</code> options.
<p>
</dl>
<p>
If the printer filename begins with a vertical bar '&#124;' pipe character,
then it is removed and the remainder of the filename is interpreted as
a command line (the name of a program or batch file followed by any
necessary arguments) to which to "pipe" the printer output to.
This is known as the "print-to-pipe" feature. All printer output
is then sent to the piped program's stdin input, and all of the
piped program's stdout and stderr output is piped back to Hercules
for displaying on the hardware console.
<p>
If the "print-to-pipe" command line contains arguments, then quotes
must be placed around the entire filename, including the vertical bar,
since any tokens following the filename are parsed as Hercules printer
device options:
<pre>
000E 1403 "|/usr/bin/lpr -Phplj" <em>(for Unix)</em>
000E 1403 "|c:\utils\pr -s -PLPT1:" crlf <em>(for Windows)</em></pre>
<p>
If the "print-to-pipe" command line itself contains quotes, then
the command line must be enclosed in apostrophes instead of quotes,
for example:
<pre>
000E 1403 '|"c:\Program Files\My Utils\pr" -s -PLPT1:' crlf</pre>
<p>
<a href="http://www.timpinkawa.net/hercules/prtspool.html">Tim Pinkawa</a>
has an example which shows how the print-to-pipe feature can be used to
create output in PDF format. For Windows users, SoftDevLabs provides a very
nice PDF spooler for Hercules called
"<a href="http://www.softdevlabs.com/hercprt">HercPrt</a>".
<p><br>
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="3420"></a>
<a name="tapedev"></a>
<dt><em>Tape devices</em>
<dd><p>
Five types of tape emulation are supported (see further below): &nbsp;
<a href="#AWS">AWS</a>, &nbsp;
<a href="#HET">HET</a>, &nbsp;
<a href="#FAKETAPE">FakeTape</a>, &nbsp;
<a href="#OMA">Optical Media Attach (OMA)</a>, &nbsp; and &nbsp;
<a href="#SCSI">real SCSI</a> .
<p>
The only required parameter is the device filename. All other parameters
are optional and must follow the filename. Use <code><big>*</big></code>
(asterisk) for the filename to specify an empty (unmounted) tape drive.
<p>
If the specified device filename does not exist then either an unlabeled
empty tape volume will be created for you automatically or a "file not
found" error will occur depending on the setting of the <code>AUTOINIT</code>
option. Refer to the <a href="#AUTOINIT"><code>AUTOINIT</code></a> option
for more information.
<p>
If the file name starts with the <code><big>@</big></code> (at sign) character
the file instead describes an Automatic Cartridge Feeder (ACF) file containing
a list of tape emulation files to be automatically loaded in succession.
The syntax of each line is identical to the information that can be
specified in the configuration file after the device type.
If the emulation file filename in the file list is the <code><big>*</big></code>
(asterisk) character however, then the set of options which follow it apply
to all of the remaining emulation files in the list.
<p>
Parameters are appended in succession. In all cases, if the same parameter is
specified more than once, the last instance takes precedence.
Therefore, it is possible to specify a set of parameters in the base configuration
file, another set on a <code><big>*</big></code> line, and another set for each
individual line. Parameters are then appended in that order: options specified on
the base device statement itself first, followed by those options specified on
the <code><big>*</big></code> statement, and finally those specified on each individual
file list statement last.
<p>
<i>A device filename identifying a <b>SCSI tape</b> device cannot be specified
in an Automatic Cartridge Feeder (ACF) file list.</i>
<p>
Refer to the distributed source-code's
<a href="https://github.com/sdl-hercules-390/hyperion/blob/master/readme/README.TAPE.md">README.TAPE</a>
document for additional information regarding system and application programming
for tape devices and instructions regarding use of the emulated <b>ACF</b>
(Automatic Cartridge Feeder) and <a href="#AUTOMOUNT">AUTOMOUNT</a> features
for virtual (non-SCSI) tape devices.
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Emulated tape types of emulation -->
<a name="AWS"></a>
<dt><b>AWSTAPE virtual tape files</b>
<dd><p>
These contain a complete tape in one file. AWSTAPE files
consist of variable length EBCDIC blocks. Each block is
preceded by a 6-byte header. Filemarks are represented by
a 6-byte header with no data. This is the same format as is
used by the P/390.
The argument specifies the location of the AWSTAPE file
(for example <code>ickdsf.aws</code>)
<p>
<a name="FAKETAPE"></a>
<dt><b>FakeTape virtual tape files</b>
<dd><p>
These contain a complete tape in one file. FakeTape files
consist of variable length EBCDIC blocks. Each block is
preceded by a 12-ASCII-hex-character header. Filemarks are represented by
a 12-character header with no data. The FakeTape format is
used by the Flex-ES system from Fundamental Software Inc (FSI).
The argument specifies the location of the FakeTape file
(for example <code>ickdsf.fkt</code>). Note: "FLEX-ES" and
"FakeTape" are trademarks of Fundamental Software, Inc.
<p>
<a name="HET"></a>
<dt><b>HET virtual tape files</b> &nbsp;&nbsp; (<b>H</b>ercules <b>E</b>mulated <b>T</b>ape)
<dd><p>
These contain a complete tape in one file and have the same
structure as the AWSTAPE format with the added ability to have
compressed data.
The first argument specifies the location of the HET file. The
filename must end with ".het" to be recognized by Hercules as an
HET file.
(for example <code>023178.het</code>)
<p>
Additional arguments that allow you to control various HET settings
are:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Additional HET arguments -->
<dt><code>AWSTAPE</code>
<dd><p>
The <code>AWSTAPE</code> argument causes HET files to
be written in AWSTAPE format. This basically, disables
the additional features provided by the HET format.
<p>
<dt><code>COMPRESS=<em><u><b>1</b></u></em>&#124;<em>0</em></code>
<dt><code>IDRC=<em><u><b>1</b></u></em></code>&#124;<em>0</em></code>
<dd><p>
<code>COMPRESS</code> and <code>IDRC</code> control
whether compression should be used when writing to HET
files. The value <code><em>n</em></code> &nbsp;can be <code>1</code>
to turn on compression <i>(the default)</i> or <code>0</code> to turn
it off. <code>IDRC</code> is currently a synonym for
<code>COMPRESS</code>, but may be used in the future to
control other emulated tape drive features.
<p>
<dt><code>METHOD=<em><u><b>1</b></u></em>&#124;<em>n</em></code>
<dd><p>
The <code>METHOD</code> option allows you to specify
which compression method to use. You may specify
<code>1</code> for ZLIB compression or <code>2</code>
for BZIP2 compression. The default is <code>1</code> <i>(zlib)</i>.
<p>
<dt><code>LEVEL=<em><u><b>4</b></u></em>&#124;<em>n</em></code>
<dd><p>
The <code>LEVEL</code> option controls the level of
compression. It ranges from <code>1</code> for fastest
compression to <code>9</code> &nbsp;for best compression.
The default is <code>4</code>.
<p>
<dt><code><u>CHUNKSIZE=<em><b>65535</b></em></u></code>
&nbsp;&#124;&nbsp; <code>CHUNKSIZE=<em>nnnnn</em></code>
<dd><p>
The <code>CHUNKSIZE</code> option allows you to create
HET files that contain different chunk sizes. The AWSTAPE
(and therefore the HET) format allows each tape block to be
logically broken up into smaller chunks. For instance, if
your S/3x0 application creates tapes with a block size of
e.g. 27998, those blocks would be broken down into
<code><em>nnnnn</em></code> &nbsp;sized chunks.
<p>
The range is from <code>4096</code> to <code><u>65535</u></code>,
with 65535 being the default. If 0 is specified, the default is used.
Decreasing the value from its default may reduce compression performance.
For compatibility with AWSTAPE files created by the P/390, specify
the <code>AWSTAPE</code> option with <code>CHUNKSIZE=4096</code>.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Additional HET arguments -->
<p>
<a name="TAPE_ADD_PARMS"></a>
<dt>The following additional parameters apply to
<b><a href="#AWS">AWS</a></b>, <b><a href="#HET">HET</a></b>
and <b><a href="#FAKETAPE">FakeTape</a></b> virtual tape files:
<dd><p>
<dl> <!-- begin Additional AWS/HET/FAKE parameters -->
<dt><u><code>MAXSIZE=<b>0</b></code></u>
&nbsp;&#124;&nbsp; <code>MAXSIZE</code>=<i>nnn</i>
&nbsp;&#124;&nbsp; <code>MAXSIZE<b>K</b></code>=<i>nnn</i>
&nbsp;&#124;&nbsp; <code>MAXSIZE<b>M</b></code>=<i>nnn</i>
&nbsp;&#124;&nbsp; <code>MAXSIZE</code>=<i>nnn<b>S</b></i>
<dd><p>
Specifies the maximum size (in nnn bytes,
<i><b>K</b></i>ilobytes or
<i><b>M</b></i>egabytes)
that the emulated file is allowed to grow to.
<p>
Or, <i>nnn<b>S</b></i> where <i><b>S</b></i> is either K (kilo),
M (mega), G (giga), or T (tera) bytes.&nbsp;T may not be available on all platforms.
<p>
The default is 0 (zero), meaning unlimited. When 0 is specified,
the <code>EOTMARGIN</code> parameter is ignored.
<p>
<dt><u><code>EOTMARGIN=<b>128K</b></code></u>
&nbsp;&#124;&nbsp; <code>EOTMARGIN</code>=<i>nnn<b>S</b></i>
<dd><p>
Specifies the number of bytes remaining before reaching <code>MAXSIZE</code>
at which point the tape device will signal the presence of the "End of Tape"
marker (reflector), thus allowing the program to switch to the next tape.
The value is either <i>nnn</i> (bytes), or <i>nnn<b>S</b></i> where <i><b>S</b></i>
is either K, M, G, or T. The <code>EOTMARGIN</code> parameter ignored
when <code>MAXSIZE=0</code> is specified.
<p>
<dt><code>READONLY</code>=<em>n</em>
<dd><p>
Specifies whether the tape is mounted read-only (without a write
ring or with the cartridge protect switch set to "write
protect"). A parameter of 1 means read-only; a parameter of 0
means read-write. If READONLY=1, RO or NORING is not specified,
the default is READONLY=0. Note that READONLY=0 does not override
the host system file permission settings for the underlying AWS or
HET file. If the AWS or HET file is marked read-only, the tape
will be mounted read-only despite specification of READONLY=0.
<p>
<dt><code>RO</code>
<dt><code>NORING</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that the tape is mounted read-only (without a write
ring or with the cartridge protect switch set to "write
protect"). RO and NORING are equivalent to READONLY=1.
<p>
<dt><code>RW</code>
<dt><code>RING</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that the tape should be mounted read-write, if possible.
RW and RING are equivalent to READONLY=0. This is the default if
RO, NORING or READONLY=1 is not specified. Note that RW and RING
do not override the host system file permission settings for the
underlying AWS or HET file. If the AWS or HET file is marked
read-only, the tape will be mounted read-only despite specification
of RW or RING.
<p>
<dt><code>DEONIRQ</code>=<em>n</em>
<dd><p>
Specifies whether a device end is presented if intervention is
required during tape motion. A parameter of 1 selects this
option; a parameter of 0 turns it off.
<p>
<a name="noautomount"></a>
<dt><code>NOAUTOMOUNT</code>
<dd><p>
Indicates support for guest-initiated automatic tape volume
mounting is to always be disabled for this tape device.
<p>
Automatic guest tape-mount support is automatically globally
enabled for all virtual (non-SCSI) tape devices by default
whenever an allowable automount directory is defined via the
<a href="#AUTOMOUNT">AUTOMOUNT</a> configuration file statement
or the <code>automount</code> panel command.
The <code>NOAUTOMOUNT</code> option allows you to specifically
disable such support for a given device.
<p>
The automount feature enables software running in guest operating
systems to automatically mount, unmount and/or query for themselves
the host "virtual tape volume" filename mounted on a tape drive,
via the use of special CCW opcodes (0x4B Set Diagnose and 0xE4
Sense Id) without any intervention on the part of the Hercules
operator. An example of such a program for DOS/VSE called
<code><a href="https://github.com/SDL-Hercules-390/hyperion/blob/master/util/TMOUNT.txt">TMOUNT</a></code>
is provided in the <code>util</code>
subdirectory of the distributed source code.
<p>
This is a sticky option. When specified, automount support for
the device remains disabled until the option is specifically
removed via a <code>devinit</code> command <em>without</em> the option
specified. This means if <code>NOAUTOMOUNT</code> is enabled
for a device while global automount functionality is currently
disabled (because no <a href="#AUTOMOUNT">AUTOMOUNT</a> statement
was specified at Hercules startup), then automount functionality
remains disabled for the device even should global automount
functionality be later manually enabled via an
<code>automount</code> panel command.
<p>
When the 0x4B Set Diagnose CCW is used to auto-mount a virtual
tape volume onto a given tape drive, an absolute (fully-qualified)
pathname should normally always be specified, but need not be
if a path relative to the currently defined "default allowable"
automount directory is used instead.
<p>
The default allowable
automount directory is always the first "allowable" directory
that was defined, or else the current directory if no allowable
directories were specifically defined. (There is always a default
allowable directory whenever any allowable or unallowable automount
directories are defined.)
<p>
Fully-resolved, absolute-full-path filenames are defined as being
those which, for Windows, have a ':' (colon) in the second
position or, for other host operating systems (e.g. Linux), have
a '/' (slash) in the first position. Paths which start with a '.'
(period) are considered relative paths and will always be appended
to the currently defined default allowable automount directory,
before being resolved into fully-qualified paths by the host system.
(I.e. only fully-resolved absolute pathnames are used in the
performance of the actual automatic tape volume mount.)
<p>
For example, if more than one allowable automount directory is
defined and the volume wishing to be mounted happens to reside in
the second one, then a fully-qualified absolute pathname should
of course be specified (or else one that is relative to the
default directory which happens to resolve to the desired file).
<p>
All attempts to automount host files in a "disallowed"
directory or any of its subdirectories will be rejected.
Similarly any attempt to automount a file which is not
within any "allowable" directory or subdirectory will
be rejected. An error message is always issued in such cases.
A message is also issued whenever a successful mount or unmount
is performed.
<p>
A sample guest automount program called
<code><a href="https://github.com/SDL-Hercules-390/hyperion/blob/master/util/TMOUNT.txt">TMOUNT</a></code>
for the DOS/VSE operating system is provided in the
<code>util</code> subdirectory of the distributed source code.
</dl> <!-- end Additional AWS/HET/FAKE parameters -->
<p>
<a name="OMA"></a>
<dt><b>Optical Media Attach (OMA) virtual tape files</b>
<dd><p>
These are read-only files which usually (but do not necessarily
have to) reside on CDROM. OMA virtual tapes consist of one file
corresponding to each physical file of the emulated tape. An
ASCII text file called the Tape Descriptor File (TDF) specifies
the names of the files which make up the virtual tape.
The argument specifies the name of the tape descriptor
file (for example <code>/cdrom/tapes/uaa196.tdf</code>)
<p>
The format of a Tape Descriptor File (TDF) looks like this:
<p>
<pre>
@tdf
/home/ivan/hercules/systems/DEB001/kernel.debian FIXED RECSIZE 80
/home/ivan/hercules/systems/DEB001/parmfile.debian TEXT
/home/ivan/hercules/systems/DEB001/initrd.debian FIXED RECSIZE 80</pre>or:<pre>
@TDF
"C:\Users\Fish\HercGUI\_Z\zLinux Debian-9.11\kernel.debian" FIXED RECSIZE 80
"C:\Users\Fish\HercGUI\_Z\zLinux Debian-9.11\parmfile.debian" TEXT
"C:\Users\Fish\HercGUI\_Z\zLinux Debian-9.11\initrd.debian" FIXED RECSIZE 80
TM
TM
EOT</pre>or:<pre>
@tdf
kernel.debian FIXED RECSIZE 80
parmfile.debian TEXT
initrd.debian FIXED RECSIZE 80</pre>
The filename on each record can be either absolute or relative and must be
enclosed within double quotes it it contains any spaces. If relative, the
name is appended to the path of the primary OMA (TDF) to create the full
path filename of the file being referenced.
<p>
Each file record must be followed by a file <i>format</i> (and possibly
some additional options) indicating how the file should be interpretted.
Each file listed in the TDF file must be in one of four formats:
<p>
<dl>
<dt><code>UNDEFINED RECSIZE <em>nnnnn</em></code>
<dd><p>
<b><i>UNDEFINED</i></b> files are treated identically
to FIXED files.
<p>
<dt><code>FIXED RECSIZE <em>nnnnn</em></code>
<dd><p>
<b><i>FIXED</i></b> files consist of fixed length
EBCDIC blocks of the specified length
(<code><em>nnnnn</em></code>)
<p>
<dt><code>TEXT</code>
<dd><p>
<b><i>TEXT</i></b> files consist of variable length
ASCII records delimited by carriage return line feed
sequences at the end of each record. Each record is
translated to EBCDIC and presented to the program as
one physical tape block.
<p>
<dt><code>HEADERS</code>
<dd><p>
<b><i>HEADERS</i></b> files consist of variable
length EBCDIC blocks. Each block is preceded by a
16-byte header.
<p>
</dl>
<p>
If you have any IBM manuals in Bookmanager format on CDROM,
you can see some examples of TDF files in the <code>\TAPES</code>
directory on the CDROM. The offical OMA/2 format is described in
manuals <i>SC52-1200-00 "Optical Media Attach/2 User's Guide"</i>
and <i>SC52-1201-00 "Optical Media Attach/2 Technical Reference"</i>,
but both are impossible to find.
<p>
<a name="SCSI"></a>
<dt><b>Real SCSI attached tape drives</b>
<dd><p>
These are real tape drives attached to the host machine via a SCSI
interface. Hercules emulation always makes the drive appear as a
channel attached device such as 3420 or 3480, although the underlying
physical drive may be any type of SCSI attached tape drive, including
4mm or 8mm DAT, DLT, SCSI attached 3480/3490/3590 cartridge drives,
and SCSI attached 3420 open reel tape drives.
<p>
Host-attached SCSI tapes are read and written using variable length
EBCDIC blocks and filemarks exactly like a mainframe tape volume, and
as a result can be freely used and/or exchanged on either one (i.e.
SCSI tapes created on a real mainframe can subsequently be read by
Hercules just fine, and a SCSI tape created by Hercules can be subsequently
read on a mainframe just fine, thus providing a convenient means of
exchanging data between the two).
<p>
If you plan on using SCSI tapes with Hercules you might also be interested
in the <a href="#SCSIMOUNT">SCSIMOUNT</a> configuration option.
<p>
The only <i>required</i> device statement parameter for SCSI attached tape
drives is the name of the device as it is known
by the host operating system,
usually &nbsp;"<code><b>/dev/nst0</b></code>"&nbsp; <i>(for Linux or
Windows)</i> or &nbsp;"<code><b>\\.\Tape0</b></code>" &nbsp; <i>(for
Windows only)</i>, where '0' means tape drive number
0 (your first or only host-attached SCSI tape drive), '1' means your
second host-attached SCSI tape drive, etc.
<p>
Depending on what actual model of SCSI tape drive you
actually have and how it behaves, you may need to specify one or more
additional optional parameters for Hercules to provide proper emulation
of the desired device type.
For example: a <b>Quantum 'DLT' (Digital Linear Tape) SCSI</b> tape drive
does not return nor use a block-id format compatible with 3480/3490 drives
(it instead uses a full 32-bit block-id just like the model 3590 does).
It also does not support the Erase Gap command at all.
<p>
Thus, in order to use, for example, a Quantum DLT drive with Hercules,
you <i>MUST</i> specify some special additional options to prevent the
Erase Gap command from being issued to the drive as well as to inform
Hercules that the drive uses 32-bit block-ids.
<p>
<b>Please note</b> that the below options define how the actual SCSI hardware
device behaves, which is completely different from the way the <i>emulated</i>
device will appear to behave to your guest. That is to say, if you define
your tape drive to Hercules as a 3480 device, then Hercules will perform
3480 device type emulation such that the device appears to your guest o/s
as if it were a 3480 device. If the <i>actual</i> SCSI device behaves as
a 3590 device however (perhaps using/returning 32-bit block-ids instead
of the expected 22-bit format block-ids that 3480's use), then you <i>MUST</i>
specify the <code>--blkid-32</code> special option on your Hercules device
statement so that Hercules's emulation logic can know that it needs to
translate 22-bit block-ids to 32-bit ones before sending them to the
actual SCSI hardware (and vice versa: to translate 32-bit block-ids from
the actual SCSI drive into 22-bit format block-ids that your guest expects
from a 3480 device).
<p>
<a name="Quantum"></a>
<center><h4>Special options for SCSI tapes</h4></center>
<p>
As explained just above, certain model SCSI tape drives such as the Quantum
DLT series may require special handling in order to provide the desired proper
device type emulation. These special options are:
<p>
<dl>
<dt><code>--blkid-22</code>
<dd><p>
The complete opposite of the below <code>--blkid-32</code> option.
Use this option if your real SCSI tape drive behaves as a 3480/3490
and expects 22-bit block-ids, but you wish to define the drive to
Hercules as a 3590 tape drive (which uses 32-bit block-ids).
<p>
<dt><code>--blkid-32</code>
<dd><p>
This option indicates that your SCSI attached tape drive only
supports 32-bit block-ids (as used by 3590 drives) and not the 22-bit
format used by 3480/3490 drives. You should only specify this option
if you intend to define the drive as a model 3480 or 3490 device
to Hercules, and then only if your actual real SCSI drive uses 32-bit
block-ids.
<p>
If you define your Hercules tape drive as a model 3590 device however,
then this option is not needed since model 3590 drives are already
presumed to use 32-bit block-ids.
<p>
Specifying this option on a 3480/3490 device statement will cause
Hercules device emulation logic to automatically translate the actual
SCSI tape drive's 32-bit block-id into 22-bit format before returning
it back to the guest operating system (since that is the format the
guest operating system expects it to be in for a model 3480/3490 drive),
and to translate the guest's 22-bit format block-id into 32-bit format
before sending it to the actual SCSI hardware (since that is the format
that the actual hardware requires it to be in).
<p>
<dt><code>--no-erg</code>
<dd><p>
This option is intended to prevent issuance of the Erase Gap
command to those SCSI tape drives which do not support it (such
as the Quantum DLT series). It causes Hercules's device emulation
logic to ignore any Erase Gap commands issued to the drive and
to return immediate 'success' instead.
<p>
This option should
only be used (specified) for drives such as the Quantum, which
support switching from read mode to write mode in the middle of
a data stream without the need of an intervening Erase Gap command.
Specifying it for any other model SCSI drive may cause incorrect
functioning as a result of the Erase Gap command not being issued
to the actual SCSI hardware.
<p>
Check the manufacturer information for your particular model of
SCSI attached tape drive (and/or use SoftDevLabs's
"<a href="http://www.softdevlabs.com/ftape">ftape</a>"
Windows utility)
to determine whether or not this option is needed for your
particular drive.
<p>
<dt><code>--online</code>
<dd><p>
Use this option if your host's magtape device driver sets the
GMT_ONLINE status flag to report when a tape is mounted instead
of the more common behavior of clearing the GMT_DR_OPEN flag.
<p>
Debian 8.3 Linux systems running on HP (Hewlett Packard) hardware
using StorageTek 9840 fiber channel drives or DEC TSZ07 9-track
drives (via a fc/SCSI bridge) for example, are known to <i>not</i>
use the GMT_DR_OPEN flag <i>at all</i>. Rather, they set the GMT_ONLINE
status flag to indicate when a tape is mounted, thus requiring the
<code>--online</code> option to work properly with Hercules.
</dl>
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Emulated tape types of emulation -->
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="COMM"></a>
<dt><em>Communication and Channel-to-Channel devices</em>
<dd><p>
The first argument defines the emulation type, and the remaining
arguments depend on the chosen emulation type.
<p>
The following are the emulation types that are currently supported:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin emulation types -->
<a name="QETH"></a>
<dt><b>QETH</b> &nbsp; &nbsp; (OSA/QDIO Ethernet Adapter)
<dd><p>
Emulates an OSA Express card running in QDIO mode.
Both layer-2 and layer-3 are currently supported.
The mode of operation is selected by the emulated workload
and cannot be configured from Hercules.
</p>
<p>
The QETH device is a "grouped" device that requires 3 (three) device
addresses (device numbers) to be defined per QETH group, with the
first device of the group being an even numbered device:
<blockquote>
<code>0600<b>.3</b> &nbsp; QETH &nbsp;<i>[arguments...]</i></code>
</blockquote>
You may also optionally use <code>OSA</code> or <code>OSD</code>
as the device/emulation type instead of <code>QETH</code> if desired:
<blockquote>
<code>0600.3 &nbsp; OSA &nbsp;&nbsp;<i>[arguments...]</i></code><br>
<code>0600.3 &nbsp; OSD &nbsp;&nbsp;<i>[arguments...]</i></code>
</blockquote>
</p>
<p>
<p class="box">
<i>
<b>Note:</b> Hercules's networking support <u>MAY</u> require <u>privileged access</u>
to your host's networking devices depending on whether you use pre-configured networking
interfaces or not, which means Hercules itself <u>MAY</u> need to be started with
Administrative (root) privileges. (Refer to the discussion in the
<a href=#netpriv>NETDEV</a> statement.)
</br></br>
The easiest way to do this on Linux et al. is to enable setuid for hercifc using the
<tt>--enable-setuid-hercifc</tt> configure option. If that's not possible (or
you're not running Hercules under Linux et al), then Hercules <u>must</u> be started
with Administrative (root) privileges or your Hercules networking devices will not work.
</i>
<br><br>
<i>
<b>Please also note</b> that the QETH (OSA) device is still considered to be an experimental
driver still under development. Not all of the features or functionality
that real OSA devices have are currently supported. For example, the
current implementation only supports three devices: the read device,
the write device and the datapath device. Real OSA devices support
multiple datapath devices. Support for this feature is planned, but is
not yet implemented. Regardless, QETH (OSA) device support appears to be stable
and has been working fine without any problems for several years now.
</i>
</p>
<dl> <!-- begin QETH parms -->
<dt>Arguments:
<dd><p>
<dl>
<dt><code>ifname &nbsp;<em>interface</em></code>
<dd><p>
<b><i>Only available on *nix</i></b><br>
Specifies the interface name for the device to be created
(e.g. <code>tun</code>, <code>tun0</code>, etc).
<p>
</dl>
<dl> <!-- begin Optional for both *nix and Windows -->
<dt><code>ipaddr &nbsp;<em>address</em></code>
<dt><code>ipaddr &nbsp;<em>address/prefix</em></code>
<dd><p>
<b><i>Required on Windows</i></b><br>
Specifies the IPv4 address to be assigned to your virtual
OSA Express card. This IP Address should match the IP
address in your guest's TCPIP PROFILE, although this is
not a requirement; during guest initialization your guest
should automatically assign the proper IP address to your
OSA device.
<p>
The address can be optionally followed by a prefix size
expressed in CIDR notation, e.g. <code>192.168.1.1/24</code>.
For IPv4 the prefix size can have a value from 0 to 32.
If not specified a value of 32 is assumed.
The prefix size is used to produce an equivalent subnet mask.
For example, a value of 24 produces a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0.
Otherwise the subnet mask must be specify via the
<code>netmask</code> parameter.
<p>
<dt><code>netmask &nbsp;<em>mask</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the subnet mask to be used with your OSA card.
On Windows, this value should be the same subnet mask that
your Windows system is using (i.e. that the 'iface' adapter
is using).
<p>
The <code>netmask</code> option may only be specified when
the subnet mask is not already defined via the optional
prefix size parameter of the <code>ipaddr</code> option.
<p>
<dt><code>iface &nbsp;<em>device</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies, on Linux, the name of the host tunnel device to use. On
Windows, this required option identifies your Windows system's actual
network adapter.
On Linux, the value should be specified by name (e.g. /dev/net/tun). On
Windows, the value should be specified by either IP or MAC address.
<p>
The default value for this option is the same value specified in your
<a href="#netdev">NETDEV</a> configuration file statement (or the default
value if not specified).
<p>
<dt><code>ipaddr6 &nbsp;<em>address</em></code>
<dt><code>ipaddr6 &nbsp;<em>address/prefix</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the IPv6 address to be assigned to your OSA card.
<p>
The address can be optionally followed by the prefix size
expressed in CIDR notation, e.g.
<code>2001:db8:3003:1::543:210f/48</code>.
For IPv6 the prefix size can have a value from 0 to 128. If
not specified a value of 128 is assumed. The prefix size
is used to produce an equivalent subnet mask.
<p>
<dt><code>hwaddr &nbsp;<em>MAC</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the MAC address to be assigned to your OSA card.
<p>
If not specified then one will be internally generated
in the range 02:00:5E:80:00:00 - 02:00:5E:FF:FF:FF using
the low order 23 bits of the IPv4 address. For example,
if the ipv4 address is 10.1.2.3 the generated MAC address
will be 02:00:5E:81:02:03.
<p>
<i>
<b>Note:</b> The MAC address you specify for this option MUST have
the 02 locally assigned MAC bit on in the first byte, must NOT have
the 01 broadcast bit on in the first byte, and MUST be unique as seen
by all other devices on your network segment.
It should never, for example, be the same as the host adapter MAC
address specified on the <code><em>iface</em></code> parameter.
</i>
<p>
<dt><code>mtu &nbsp;<em>bytes</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the Maximum Transmission Unit to be used.
The maximum transmission unit (MTU) is the largest
packet size, measured in bytes, that can be transmitted
over a network.
<p>
On Windows, if the value is not specified or is larger than
what <a href="http://www.softdevlabs.com/ctci-win">CTCI-WIN's</a>
WinPCap driver can support for the specified
<code>iface</code> host adapter, a warning is issued and the
specified value is ignored and the maximum supported value
is used instead.
<p>
<dt><code>chpid &nbsp;<em>id</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the channel path identifier to be used with the device.
<p>
This is mostly a cosmetic value, but some guest operating systems
such as z/OS might require it to operate correctly.
<p>
<dt><code>debug</code>
<dd><p>
Enables debug logging for the device.
<p>
When logging is enabled the Hercules driver logs
extra progress and status messages used to help
debug an incorrectly functioning driver. The
Hercules <code>qeth</code> panel command can be used
to limit the type of debug information that is logged.
Enter the command <code>help qeth</code> for more
information.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Optional for both *nix and Windows -->
</dl> <!-- end QETH parms -->
<p><br>
<a name="LCS"></a>
<dt><b>LCS</b> &nbsp; &nbsp; (LAN Channel Station Emulation)
<dd><p>
An emulated Lan Channel Station Adapter.
This emulation mode appears to the operating system running in
the Hercules machine as either an IBM 8232 LCS device, the LCS3172
driver of a P/390, a 3172 running ICP (Interconnect Communications
Program), or as a simple IBM 2216 router.
<p>
Beginning with SDL Hyperion version 4.4, an LCS device is now also capable of
providing <a href="#SNA">SNA</a> support as well. Refer to the
<a href="https://github.com/sdl-hercules-390/hyperion/blob/master/readme/README.SNA.md">README.SNA</a>
document for details.
<p>
Except when defined as an <a href="#SNA">SNA</a> device, the LCS device is a "grouped" device
that requires 2 (two) device addresses (device numbers) to be defined per
LCS group, with the first device of the group being an even numbered device:
<blockquote>
<code>0E20<b>.2</b> &nbsp; LCS &nbsp;<i>[arguments]</i></code>
</blockquote>
<p>
<p class="box">
<i>
<b>Note:</b> Refer to the discussion in the <a href=#netpriv>NETDEV</a> statement
for important information regarding elevated privileges that <u>may</u> be required
for networking devices.
</i>
</p>
Rather than a point-to-point link, this emulation creates a
virtual ethernet adapter through which the guest operating system
running in the Hercules machine can communicate. As such, this
mode is not limited to TCP/IP traffic, but in fact will handle
any ethernet frame.
<p>
There are no required parameters for the LCS emulation,
however there are several options that can be specified on the
device statement. Also note that on the MAC OS X platform, the
long option format (--xxx) is not supported. On MAC, only the
short option format (-x) should be used.
<p>
The format of the configuration statement for LCS devices is as follows:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin LCS parms -->
<dt><code>-n <em>devname</em></code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--dev <em>devname</em></code>
<dd><p>
where <em>devname</em> is:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin 'devname' -->
<dt>(Linux/Unix)
<dd><p>
the name of the Tun/Tap special character device,
normally /dev/net/tun.
<p>
<dt>(Windows)
<dd><p>
either the IP or MAC address of the host system's network card.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end 'devname' -->
The default for this option is the value specified
by the <a href="#netdev">NETDEV</a> configuration file statement.
<p>
<dt><code>-o <em>filename</em></code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--oat <em>filename</em></code>
<dd><p>
where <em>filename</em> specifies the filename of the
OSA Address Table (OAT). If this option is specified, the optional
<code>--mac</code> and <em>guestip</em> entries are ignored in preference to
statements in the OAT. (See further below for the <a href=#OAT>syntax
of the OAT</a>)
<p>
If no OAT is specified, the emulation module
will create the following:
<p>
<ul>
<li>An ethernet adapter (port 0) for TCP/IP traffic only.
<li>Two device addresses will be defined (devnum and devnum + 1).
</ul>
<p>
<dt><code>-m <em>MAC Address</em></code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--mac <em>MAC address</em></code>
<dd><p>
where <code><em>'MAC address'</em></code> is the optional hardware address
for your guest's virtual adapter/interface in the format: hh:hh:hh:hh:hh:hh.
The default value is '02:00:5E:nn:nn:nn' where the <i>:nn:nn:nn</i> portion
is constructed from the last 3 octets of the specified
<code><i>guestip</i></code>.
<p>
<i>
<b>Note:</b> The MAC address you specify for this option MUST have the 02 locally
assigned MAC bit on in the first byte, must NOT have the 01 broadcast bit
on in the first byte, and MUST be unique as seen by all other devices on
your network segment. It should never, for example, be the same as the host
adapter MAC address specified on the <code><em>-n</em></code> parameter.
</i>
<p>
Note: If you use the <code>--oat</code> option, do not specify an address
here. Instead, specify your desired guest adapter MAC address in your OAT
file via the <code>HWADD</code> statement.
<p>
<dt><code><em>guestip</em></code>
<dd><p>
is an optional IP address of the Hercules
(guest OS) side. Note: This is only used to
establish a point-to-point routing table entry
on driving system. If you use the <code>--oat</code> option,
do not specify an address here.
<p>
<a name="OAT"></a>
<dt><b>OAT syntax</b>
<dd><p>
The syntax for the OSA Address Table (OAT) is as follows:
<p>
<a name="SNA"></a>
<table border=1 cellpadding=20><tr><td>
<pre><code>*****************************************************
* Dev Mode Port Entry specific information *
*****************************************************
0400 IP 00 PRI 172.21.3.32
0402 IP 00 SEC 172.21.3.33
0404 IP 00 NO 172.21.3.38
0406 IP 01 NO 172.21.2.16
040E SNA 00
HWADD 00 02:00:FE:DF:00:42
HWADD 01 02:00:FE:DF:00:43
ROUTE 00 172.21.3.32 255.255.255.224
</code></pre>
</td></tr></table>
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin LCS DEV/MODE parms -->
<dt>where:
<dd><p>
<dl> <!-- (begin INDENT) -->
<dt><code><em>Dev</em></code>
<dd>is the base device address
<p>
<dt><code><em>Mode</em></code>
<dd>is the operation mode: IP or SNA.
<p>
<i><b>Note:</b> &nbsp;the SNA operation mode is currently
not implemented via the OAT file. Rather, a separate LCS
device with the <code>-e SNA</code> device option must be
specified instead. Refer to the
<a href="https://github.com/sdl-hercules-390/hyperion/blob/master/readme/README.SNA.md">README.SNA</a>
document for details.</i>
<p>
<dt><code><em>Port</em></code>
<dd>is the virtual (relative) adapter number (i.e. port number).
<p>
</dl> <!-- (end INDENT) -->
</dl> <!-- end LCS DEV/MODE parms -->
<p>
The read/write devices can be swapped by coding the odd address
of the even-odd pair in the OAT.
<p>
Up to 4 virtual (relative) adapters (i.e. ports) 00-03 are currently supported.
<p>
For IP modes, the entry specific information is as follows:
<p>
<blockquote>
<dl> <!-- begin IP Mode parms -->
<dt><code>PRI &#124; SEC &#124; NO</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies where a packet with an unknown IP
address is forwarded to. PRI is the primary
default entry, SEC specifies the entry to use
when the primary is not available, and NO
specifies that this is not a default entry.
<p>
<dt><code><em>nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn</code></em>
<dd><p>
Specifies the home IP address
</dl> <!-- end IP Mode parms -->
</blockquote>
<p>
When the operation mode is <code>IP</code>&nbsp; specify only the read
(even) device number for <code><em>Dev</em></code>. The write (odd)
address will be created automatically.
<p>
Additionally, a HWADD and/or ROUTE statement
may also be included in the OAT:
<p>
<blockquote>
<dl> <!-- begin HWADD and ROUTE -->
<dt><code>HWADD &nbsp;pp <i>&nbsp;hh:hh:hh:hh:hh:hh</i></code>
<dd><p>
Use the HWADD to specify a hardware (MAC) address for a
virtual adapter (port). The first parameter after HWADD
specifies the relative adapter (port) to which the address
is applied.
<p>
<i>
<b>Note:</b> The MAC address you specify for this option MUST have
the 02 locally assigned MAC bit on in the first byte, must
NOT have the 01 broadcast bit on in the first byte, and MUST
be unique as seen by all other devices on your network segment.
It should never, for example, be the same as the host adapter
MAC address specified on the <code><em>-n</em></code> parameter,
nor the same as the HWADD defined for any other port.
</i>
<p>
<dt><code>ROUTE &nbsp;pp <i>&nbsp;nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn &nbsp;...</i></code>
<dd><p>
The ROUTE statement is included for convenience. This requests
Hercules's network configuration logic (hercifc utility on
Linux or CTCI-WIN on Windows) to automatically create a network
route for this specified virtual adapter. Please note that it
is not necessary to include point-to-point routes for each IP
address in the table since this is done automatically by the
Hercules device driver's emulation module.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end HWADD and ROUTE -->
</blockquote>
</dl> <!-- end LCS parms -->
<p><br>
<a name="CTCI"></a>
<dt><b>CTCI</b> &nbsp; &nbsp; (Channel to Channel link to TCP/IP stack)
<dd><p>
A point-to-point IP connection with the TCP/IP stack of the
driving system on which Hercules is running. See the
<a href="herctcp.html">Hercules TCP/IP</a> page for unix details,
in particular the use of preconfigured interfaces.
<p>
The CTCI device is a "grouped" device that requires 2 (two) device
addresses (device numbers) to be defined per CTCI group, with the
first device of the group being an even numbered device:
<blockquote>
<code>0E20<b>.2</b> &nbsp; CTCI &nbsp;<i>[arguments]</i></code>
</blockquote>
<p>
<p class="box">
<i>
<b>Note:</b> Refer to the discussion in the <a href=#netpriv>NETDEV</a> statement
for important information regarding elevated privileges that <u>may</u> be required
for networking devices.
</i>
</p>
<p>
The Windows implementation is different from the unix one. See
SoftDevLab's <a href="http://www.softdevlabs.com/ctci-win">CTCI-WIN</a>
page for further details and information.
<p>
For unix systems, such as Linux, BSD, and OSX, you may use
preconfigured interfaces or you may
request Hercules to configure the interface for you.
In the first case you must know and supply the name of the interface to use;
in the second case the kernel supplies an interface name.
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin CTCI parms -->
<dt>Required for Linux when using a preconfigured interface:
<dd><p>
<dl>
<dt><code><em>ifname</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the interface name of an
interface that is already configured.
The flag <code>--if</code> may optionally be specified
before the name.
<p>
Specify no IP addresses or other arguments as the
information is already configured into the interface.
<p>
</dl>
<dt>Required for Linux when not using a preconfigured interface,
and for Windows:
<dd><p>
<dl> <!-- begin Required for both Linux and Windows -->
<dt><code><em>guestip</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the IP address of the guest operating system
running under Hercules.
<p>
<dt><code><em>hostip</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the IP address of the host (Linux or Windows) side
of the point-to-point link. This may or may not be the same
as your system's regular IP address. For Windows, if the
host system is configured with DHCP, this should instead be
the MAC address of the Ethernet adapter you wish to use to
have Hercules communicate with the outside world.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Required for both Linux and Windows -->
<p>
<dt>Optional for Windows:
<dd><p>
If these arguments are specified, they must precede the required
arguments.
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Optional for Windows -->
<dt><code>-m <em>MAC address</em></code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--mac <em>MAC address</em></code>
<dd><p>
where <code><em>'MAC address'</em></code> is the optional hardware address
for your guest's virtual adapter/interface in the format: hh:hh:hh:hh:hh:hh.
The default value is '02:00:5E:nn:nn:nn' where the <i>:nn:nn:nn</i> portion
is constructed from the last 3 octets of the specified
<code><i>guestip</i></code>.
<p>
<i>
<b>Note:</b> The MAC address you specify for this option MUST have the 02 locally
assigned MAC bit on in the first byte, must NOT have the 01 broadcast bit
on in the first byte, and MUST be unique as seen by all other devices on
your network segment. It should never, for example, be the same as the host
adapter MAC address specified on the <code><em>-n</em></code> parameter.
</i>
<p>
<dt><code>-k &nbsp;<em>kernel-capture-buffer-size</em></code>
<dd>
<dt><code>-i &nbsp;<em>tuntap32-i/o-buffer-size</em></code>
<dd><p>
See SoftDevLabs's
<a href="http://www.softdevlabs.com/ctci-win">CTCI-WIN</a>
page for further details and information.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Optional for Windows -->
<p>
<dt>Optional for both Linux and Windows:
<dd><p>
If these arguments are specified, they must precede the required
arguments:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Optional for both Linux and Windows -->
<dt><code>-n <em>name</em></code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--dev <em>name</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the name of the tunnel device to use.
The default is the value specified by the
<a href="#netdev">NETDEV</a> configuration file statement.
<p>
<dt><code>-s <em>netmask</em></code>
<dd><p>
where <em>netmask</em> is the netmask to use for the
automatically added point-to-point route in standard
dotted internet noitation (e.g. 255.255.255.0)
<p>
<dt><code>-x <em>name</em></code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--if <em>name</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the name of the network interface to use.
<p>
There is no default for this argument as the kernel
assigns an interface name if none is provided.
<p>
<dt><code>-d</code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--debug</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that debugging output is to be produced on the
Hercules control panel. This should normally be left
unspecified.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Optional for both Linux and Windows -->
</dl> <!-- end CTCI parms -->
<p><br>
<a name="CTCE"></a>
<dt><b>CTCE</b> &nbsp; &nbsp; (Enhanced Channel-to-Channel Emulation via TCP connection <i>(true 3088 CTCA)</i>)
<dd><p>
The CTCE device type emulates a true 3088 Channel to Channel
Adapter. CTCE devices are emulated via TCP/IP connections between
two or more Hercules instances.
<p>
<p class="box">
<i>
<b>Note:</b> Refer to the discussion in the <a href=#netpriv>NETDEV</a> statement
for important information regarding elevated privileges that <u>may</u> be required
for networking devices.
</i>
</p>
<p>
A Hercules CTCE device requires two even-odd pairs of devices, one for
reading and the other for writing. In the previous CTCE version these had
to be an even-odd pair of port numbers, whereby only the even port numbers
had to be specified in the CTCE configuration. This restriction has now
been removed. Any port number > 1024 and < 65534 is allowed. The CTCE
configuration specifies the listening port number at the receiving end,
the sender side port number is a free randomly chosen one.
<p>
The socket connection pairs cross-connect,
the arrows showing the send->receive direction :
<pre>
x-lport-random --> y-rport-config
x-lport-config <-- y-rport-random</pre>
<p>
CTCE connected Hercules instances can be hosted on either Unix or Windows
or MacOS platforms. Neither side needs to be the same as the other.
Each side can be different from the other if needed. One side
can be Windows and the other side can be Linux if so desired.
<p>
The configuration statement for CTCE devices is in one of these 2 possible
formats (noting that items between [] brackets are optional):
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin CTCE parms -->
<dt><code><em>ldevnum</em> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; CTCE [<em>lport</em>] [<em>rdevnum</em>=]<em>raddress</em> &nbsp; <em>rport</em> [[<em>mtu</em>]<em>sml</em>] [ATTNDELAY <em>delay</em>] [FICON]</code>
<dt><code><em>ldevnum</em>[.n] CTCE [<em>lport</em>] [<em>rdevnum</em>]=<em>raddress</em> [<em>rport</em>] [[<em>mtu</em>]<em>sml</em>] [ATTNDELAY <em>delay</em>] [FICON]</code>
</dl> <!-- end CTCE parms -->
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin required CTCE parameters -->
<dt>There is only one or two <i>required</i> positional arguments in addition to the <em>ldevnum</em>:
<dd><p>
<dl>
<dt><code><em>ldevnum</em></code>
<dd>The device number (CCUU) on the <i>local</i> system.
Please note that this can optionally be followed by <em>.n</em> in
which case multiple CTCE devices can be configured with one config
statement.
<p>
<dt><code><em>raddress</em></code>
<dd>The IP address of the remote system.
<p>
<dt><code><em>rport</em></code>
<dd>The listening TCP/IP port number on the <i>remote</i> system.
Please note that this parameter is only required when the
<em>rdevnum</em> parameter and the following equal sign are
not specified, or when the <em>mtu</em> parameter needs to be
specified. When not required, the default is 3088.
</dl>
</dl> <!-- end required CTCE parameters -->
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin optional CTCE parameters -->
<dt>The remaining arguments are optional as per the shown [] brackets for the format chosen:
<dd><p>
<dl>
<dt><code><em>lport</em></code>
<dd>The listening TCP/IP port number on the <i>local</i> system.
The default value is 3088.
<p>
<dt><code><em>rdevnum</em></code>
<dd>The device number (CCUU) on the <i>remote</i> system.
The default is equal to the <em>ldevnum</em> on the <i>local</i> system.
Please note that in case only one or two hexadecimal digits are given (i.e. a
value up to 255 and thus not a complete device number CCUU), the effective
<em>rdevnum</em> will be computed by exclusive-or of this value with the
<em>ldevnum</em> specified. In case <em>.n</em> is given and > 1, this
will apply to all <em>ldevnum</em> - <em>rdevnum</em> pairs. Please see an
example of this down below.
<p>
<dt><code><em>mtu</em></code>
<dd>Maximum Transmission Unit buffer size.
The default value is 62552 bytes.
Please note that when this <em>mtu</em> parameter needs to be specified, also
the <em>rport</em> parameter needs to be given (e.g. its default value of 3088).
<p>
<dt><code><em>sml</em></code>
<dd>Small minimum for MTU. The default value is 16 bytes.
<p>
<dt><code><em>delay</em></code>
<dd>The number of msec ATTN signals will be delayed for in order
to circumvent a VM/SP bug causing SIO timeout errors.
Override the default of 0, e.g. with 200 or or some smaller value
for faster Hercules hosts, but only when needed.
<p>
<dt><code><em>FICON</em></code>
<dd>The keyword FICON will cause a Fibre channel CTC (i.e. a FCTC device) to be emulated.
</dl>
</dl> <!-- end optional CTCE parameters -->
<p>
A sample CTCE device configuration is shown below, using the previous CTCE version 1 format which is still fully supported:
<blockquote>
<p>
First Hercules PC Host with IP address 192.168.1.100:
<pre>
0E40 CTCE 30880 192.168.1.200 30880
0E41 CTCE 30882 192.168.1.200 30882 </pre>
<p>
Second Hercules PC Host with IP address 192.168.1.200:
<pre>
0E40 CTCE 30880 192.168.1.100 30880
0E41 CTCE 30882 192.168.1.100 30882 </pre>
</blockquote>
<p>
<p>
Exploiting the new features of the newer CTCE version 2 format, this can be simplified omitting all port numbers
<blockquote>
<p>
First Hercules PC Host with IP address 192.168.1.100:
<pre>
0E40 CTCE 0E40=192.168.1.200
0E41 CTCE 0E41=192.168.1.200 </pre>
<p>
Second Hercules PC Host with IP address 192.168.1.200:
<pre>
0E40 CTCE 0E40=192.168.1.100
0E41 CTCE 0E41=192.168.1.100 </pre>
</blockquote>
<p>
<p>
As there are <em>2</em> equal <em>ldevnum</em> - <em>rdevnum</em> pairs, this can be simplified further:
<blockquote>
<p>
First Hercules PC Host with IP address 192.168.1.100:
<pre>
0E40.2 CTCE =192.168.1.200 </pre>
<p>
Second Hercules PC Host with IP address 192.168.1.200:
<pre>
0E40.2 CTCE =192.168.1.100 </pre>
</blockquote>
<p>
<p>
Showing an example of specifying a <em>rdevnum</em> using the exclusive-or operation with a small value:
<blockquote>
<p>
<pre>
0E40.4 CTCE 1=192.168.1.200 </pre>
<p>
The above is axactly the same as this specification:
<pre>
0E40 CTCE 0E41=192.168.1.200
0E41 CTCE 0E40=192.168.1.200
0E42 CTCE 0E43=192.168.1.200
0E43 CTCE 0E42=192.168.1.200 </pre>
<p>
The above example could be used to establish a redundant pair
of read/write CTC links, where each Hercules side uses the even
devnum addresses for reading, and the odd ones for writing
(or the other way around). That way, the operating system
definitions on each side can be identical, e.g. for a VTAM MPC CTC link :
<pre>
CTCATRL VBUILD TYPE=TRL
C0E40TRL TRLE LNCTL=MPC,READ=(0E40,0E42),WRITE=(0E41,0E43)
CTCALCL VBUILD TYPE=LOCAL
C0E40LCL PU TRLE=C0E40TRL,XID=YES,CONNTYPE=APPN,CPCP=YES,TGP=CHANNEL</pre>
</blockquote>
<p>
<p><br>
<a name="PTP"></a>
<dt><b>PTP</b> &nbsp; &nbsp; (MPCPTP/MPCPTP6 Channel to Channel link)
<dd><p>
A point-to-point IP connection with the TCP/IP stack of the
host system on which Hercules is running.
From the point of view of the guest image running in the Hercules
machine it appears to be an MPCPTP and/or MPCPTP6 ESCON CTC link to
another image.
<p>
The PTP device is a "grouped" device that requires 2 (two) device
addresses (device numbers) to be defined per PTP group, with the
first device of the group being an even numbered device:
<blockquote>
<code>0460<b>.2</b> &nbsp; PTP &nbsp;<i>[arguments]</i></code>
</blockquote>
<p>
<p class="box">
<i>
<b>Note:</b> Refer to the discussion in the <a href=#netpriv>NETDEV</a> statement
for important information regarding elevated privileges that <u>may</u> be required
for networking devices.
</i>
</p>
<p>
For *nix systems, such as Linux, BSD, and OSX, you may use
preconfigured interfaces or you may request Hercules to configure
the interface for you.
In the first case you must know and supply the name of the interface
to use; in the second case the kernel supplies an interface name.
See the <a href="herctcp.html">Hercules TCP/IP</a> page for more details.
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin PTP parms -->
<dt>Required for *nix when using a preconfigured interface:
<dd><p>
<dl> <!-- begin Required for *nix preconfigured -->
<dt>[<code>-x</code>/<code>--if</code>] <code><em>ifname</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the interface name of a TUN interface that is
already configured.
<p>
Specify no host names or IP addresses or other arguments as
the information is already configured into the interface.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Required for *nix preconfigured -->
<dt>Required for *nix when not using a preconfigured interface,
and for Windows:
<dd><p>
<dl> <!-- begin Required for both *nix not preconfigured and Windows -->
<dt><code><em>guest1</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the host name or IP address of the guest
operating system running under Hercules.
<p>
<dt><code><em>host1</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the host name or IP address of the host
(Linux or Windows) side of the point-to-point link.
<p>
<dt><code><em>guest2</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the host name or IP address of the guest
operating system running under Hercules.
<p>
<dt><code><em>host2</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the host name or IP address of the host
(Linux or Windows) side of the point-to-point link.
<p>
<dt><code><em>guest1</em></code> and <code><em>host1</em></code>
must both be of the same address family, i.e. both IPv4 or
both IPv6.
<p>
<dt><code><em>guest2</em></code> and <code><em>host2</em></code>,
if specified, must both be of the same address family, i.e. both
IPv4 or both IPv6, and must not be of the same address family as
<code><em>guest1</em></code> and <code><em>host1</em></code>.
<p>
<dt>If a host name is specified for <code><em>guest1</em></code>,
and the host name can be resolved to both an IPv4 and an IPv6
address, use either the <code>-4</code>/<code>--inet</code>
or the <code>-6</code>/<code>--inet6</code> option to
specify which address family should be used;
if neither the <code>-4</code>/<code>--inet</code> nor the
<code>-6</code>/<code>--inet6</code> option is specified,
whichever address family the resolver returns first will
be used.
<p>
<dt><code><em>host1</em></code> or <code><em>host2</em></code> can
be followed by the prefix size expressed in CIDR notation,
e.g. 192.168.1.1/24 or 2001:db8:3003:1::543:210f/48.
For IPv4 the prefix size can have a value from 0 to 32;
if not specified a value of 32 is assumed.
For IPv6 the prefix size can have a value from 0 to 128;
if not specified a value of 128 is assumed.
For IPv4 the prefix size is used to produce the equivalent
subnet mask; for example, a value of 24 produces a subnet
mask of 255.255.255.0.
<p>
<dt>If <code><em>guest1</em></code>, <code><em>host1</em></code>,
<code><em>guest2</em></code> or <code><em>host2</em></code>
are numeric IPv6 addresses, they can be between braces,
e.g. [2001:db8:3003:1::543:210f].
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Required for both *nix not preconfigured and Windows -->
<p>
<dt>Optional for *nix:
<dd><p>
If these arguments are specified, they must precede the required
arguments.
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Optional for *nix -->
<dt><code>-t <em>size</em></code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--mtu <em>size</em></code>
<dd><p>
where <code><em>size</em></code> is the maximum transmission
unit size. The default size is 1500.
<p>
<dt><code>-x <em>name</em></code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--if <em>name</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the name of the TUN interface to use.
There is no default for <code><em>name</em></code>.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Optional for *nix -->
<p>
<dt>Optional for Windows:
<dd><p>
If these arguments are specified, they must precede the required
arguments.
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Optional for Windows -->
<dt><code>-m <em>MAC address</em></code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--mac <em>MAC address</em></code>
<dd><p>
where <em>'MAC address'</em> is the optional hardware address for
the virtual interface in the format: hh:hh:hh:hh:hh:hh. The default value
is '02:00:5E:nn:nn:nn' where the <i>:nn:nn:nn</i> portion is constructed
from the last 3 octets of the specified <code><i>guestip</i></code>.
<p>
<i>
<b>Note:</b> The MAC address you specify for this option MUST have the 02 locally
assigned MAC bit on in the first byte, must NOT have the 01 broadcast bit
on in the first byte, and MUST be unique as seen by all other devices on
your network segment. It should never, for example, be the same as the host
adapter MAC address specified on the <code><em>-n</em></code> parameter.
</i>
<p>
<dt><code>-k &nbsp;<em>kernel-capture-buffer-size</em></code>
<dd>
<dt><code>-i &nbsp;<em>tuntap32-i/o-buffer-size</em></code>
<dd><p>
Refer to the Help file included with SoftDevLabs's
<a href="http://www.softdevlabs.com/ctci-win">CTCI-WIN</a> product
for further details and information.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Optional for Windows -->
<p>
<dt>Optional for both *nix and Windows:
<dd><p>
If these arguments are specified, they must precede the required
arguments:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Optional for both *nix and Windows -->
<dt><code>-n <em>name</em></code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--dev <em>name</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the name of the tunnel device to use.
The default for this option is the value specified
by the <a href="#netdev">NETDEV</a> configuration file statement.
<p>
<dt><code>-4</code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--inet</code>
<dd><p>
Indicates that when a host name is specified for
<code><em>guest1</em></code>, the host name must
resolve to an IPv4 address.
<dt><code>-6</code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--inet6</code>
<dd><p>
Indicates that when a host name is specified for
<code><em>guest1</em></code>, the host name must
resolve to an IPv6 address.
<dt><code>-d</code> &nbsp;&nbsp; or &nbsp; <code>--debug</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that debugging output is to be produced on the
Hercules control panel. This should normally be left
unspecified.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Optional for both *nix and Windows -->
</dl> <!-- end PTP parms -->
</dl> <!-- end emulation types -->
<p><br>
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="3380"></a>
<a name="ckddasd"></a>
<dt><em>CKD DASD devices</em>
<dd><p>
The argument specifies the name of a file containing the disk CKD
DASD image or the INET address of a Hercules <a href="shared.html">Shared Device server</a>.
<p>
The file consists of a 512-byte device header record
followed by fixed length track images. The length of each track
image depends on the emulated device type, and is always rounded
up to the next multiple of 512 bytes.
<p>
Volumes larger than 2GB (for example, the 3390 model 3)
can be supported by spreading the data across more than one file.
Each file contains a whole number of cylinders. The first file
(which contains cylinders 0-2518 in the case of a 3390) usually
has _1 as the last two characters of its name. The ckddasd driver
allocates the remaining files by replacing the last character of
the file name by the characters 2, 3, etc.
<p>
<em><b>Note:</b> &nbsp;When CKD DASD images are spread across multiple files, you must
specify only the first file name (the file with suffix _1) in the
configuration statement.</em>
<p>
If your host operating system supports <i>large file sizes</i>
(or <i>64-bit offsets</i>) then volumes larger than 2G can be kept
in a single file.
<p>
Alternatively, the argument may specify the name of a file containing
a compressed CCKD DASD image. The CKD driver will automatically detect
whether the file contains a regular CKD image or a compressed CCKD
image.
<p>
Refer to "<a href="hercload.html#dasdinit">Creating an empty DASD volume</a>"
in the "Creating, formatting, and loading DASD volumes" section of the
<a href="hercload.html">Creating DASD</a>
web page for information on using the 'dasdinit' command/utility to
create compressed dasd files. Refer to the
<a href="cckddasd.html">Compressed Dasd Emulation</a>
page for details on the actual CCKD emulation itself and additional
information on the <a href="cckddasd.html#cckdcommand"><code>'CCKD'</code>
initialization/tuning control file statement</a>, as well as information
regarding the use of <a href="cckddasd.html#shadowfiles">shadow files</a>.
<p>
If you specify an INET address, the format is:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin INET parms -->
<dt><code><em>ip-name-or-addr</em>:<em>port</em>:<em>devnum</em></code>
<dd><p>
<em>ip-name-or-addr</em> specifies the internet name or address
where the Hercules <a href="shared.html">Shared Device server</a> is running.
<p>
<em>port</em> specifies the port number the Shared Device server
is listening on. If omitted, the default is 3990.
<p>
<em>devnum</em> specifies the device number on the Shared
Device server. If omitted, the default is the current device number.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end INET parms -->
<p>
In addition to the above, some additional optional arguments are also
supported.
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin (CKD) additional DASD arguments -->
<a name="shadow"></a>
<dt><code>sf=<em>shadow-file-filename-template</em></code>
<dd><p>
Shadow files are only supported for compressed dasd images.
<p>
A shadow file contains all the changes made to the emulated dasd since
it was created, until the next shadow file is created. The moment of the
shadow file's creation can be thought of as a snapshot of the current
emulated dasd at that time, because if the shadow file is later removed,
then the emulated dasd reverts back to the state it was at when the snapshot
was taken.
<p>
Using shadow files, you can keep the base file on a read-only device such
as cdrom, or change the base file attributes to read-only, ensuring that
this file can never be corrupted.
<p>
Hercules console commands are provided to add a new shadow file, remove
the current shadow file (with or without backward merge), compress the
current shadow file, and display the shadow file status and statistics
<p>
For detailed information regarding shadow files and their use, please
see the "<a href="cckddasd.html#shadowfiles">Shadow Files</a>" section
of the <a href="cckddasd.html">Compressed Dasd Emulation</a> web page.
<p>
<dt><code>readonly</code>
<dd><p>
Readonly returns "write inhibited" sense when a write is attempted.
Note that not all of the sense bits may be getting set absolutely
correctly however. (Some people have reported getting different
error messages under Hercules than a real machine, but it really
hasn't been an issue for a while now.)
<p>
<code>readonly</code> may be abbreviated as
<code>rdonly</code> or <code>ro</code>
<p>
<dt><code>fakewrite</code>
<dd><p>
Fakewrite is a kludge for the readonly sense problem mentioned above.
Here the disk is not intended to be updated (MVS updates the DSCB
last referenced field for a readonly file) and any writes appear to
be successful even though nothing actually gets written.
<p>
Please also note the <code>fakewrite</code> option is only valid when
the <code>readonly</code> option is also specified. That is to say,
regardless of whether the host dasd image file is actually read/only
or read/write, specifying the <code>fakewrite</code> option without
the <code>readonly</code> option also being specified, is invalid.
The <code>fakewrite</code> option should always be considered to be
a <i><u>subset</u></i> of the <code>readonly</code> option.
<p>
<code>fakewrite</code> may be abbreviated as
<code>fakewrt</code> or <code>fw</code>
<p>
<dt><code>[no]lazywrite</code>
<dt><code>[no]fulltrackio</code>
<dd><p>
These options have been deprecated. They are still accepted, but they
do absolutely nothing.
<p>
<code>fulltrackio</code> may be abbreviated as
<code>fulltrkio</code> or <code>ftio</code>
<p>
<a name="cu"></a>
<dt><code>cu=<em>type</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the type of control unit to which this device is attached.
The use of this parameter does not necessarily imply that
all functions of the specified control unit are emulated.
Its sole purpose is to force a particular control unit type
to be indicated in the data returned by SENSE ID and similar CCW's.
<p>
The default value depends on the device type:
<blockquote>
<table border=1 cellpadding=3>
<tr align="center"><th>&nbsp;Dasd Device type&nbsp;</th><th>&nbsp;Default 'cu=' Control Unit Type&nbsp;</th></tr>
<tr align="center"><td>2311</td><td>2841</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td>2314</td><td>2314</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td>3330 3340<br>3350 3375<br>3380</td><td>3880</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td>3390</td><td>3990</td></tr>
<tr align="center"><td>9345</td><td>9343</td></tr>
</table>
</blockquote>
<p>
Other values which may be specified for 3390 dasd device types are
<code>3990-3</code> and <code>3990-6</code>.
<p>
For modern "z" operating systems such as z/OS and z/VM using 3390 dasds,
<code>cu=3990-6</code> should be specified. For older legacy type operating
systems, <code>cu=3990-3</code> is probably what should be specified instead.
The default control unit type of <code>cu=3990</code> is rarely what you actually want.
<p>
<i>Please note</i> that this option must be specified in lower case "<code>cu=</code>".
Using upper case "<code>CU=</code>" will not be recognized and will result in an error.
<p>
<a name="ckdser"></a>
<dt><code>ser=<em>nnnnnnnnnnnn</em></code>
<dd><p>
Defines an optional overriding 12-digit serial number to be used for this device.
The specified serial number will be used regardless of whatever
permanent or randomly assigned serial number the device might have (if any).
<p>
</dl> <!-- end (CKD) additional DASD arguments -->
<p>
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="3370"></a>
<a name="fbadasd"></a>
<dt><em>FBA DASD devices</em>
<dd><p>
The file consists of fixed length 512-byte records,
each of which represents one physical block of the emulated disk.
<p>
The first argument specifies the name of a file which contains
the FBA DASD image or the INET address of a Hercules
<a href="shared.html">Shared Device server</a>.
<p>
If you specify a Shared Device server INET address, the format
of the filename is:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin INET parms -->
<dt><code><em>ip-name-or-addr</em>:<em>port</em>:<em>devnum</em></code>
<dd><p>
<em>ip-name-or-addr</em> specifies the internet name or address
where the Hercules Shared Device server is running.
<p>
<em>port</em> specifies the port number the Shared Device server
is listening on. If omitted, the default is 3990.
<p>
<em>devnum</em> specifies the device number on the Shared
Device server. If omitted, the default is the current device number.
</dl> <!-- end INET parms -->
<p>
To allow access to a minidisk within a full-pack FBA DASD image
file, <i><u>normal NON-compressed FBA dasds</u></i> also support
two additional arguments after the file name:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin FBA DASD arguments -->
<dt><code><em>origin</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the relative block number within the DASD image
file at which the minidisk begins. The number must be less
than the number of blocks in the file. The default origin
is zero.
<p>
<dt><code><em>numblks</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the number of 512-byte blocks in the minidisk.
This number must not exceed the number of blocks in the file
minus the origin.
If omitted, or if specified as an <b>*</b> asterisk,
then the minidisk continues to the end of the DASD image file.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end FBA DASD arguments -->
<p>
<i><u>Compressed CFBA dasds</u></i> also support an additional optional argument:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin (CFBA) additional DASD arguments -->
<dt><code>sf=<em>shadow-file-name</em></code>
<dd><p>
The handling of shadow files for compressed CFBA devices is identical
as that for CCKD devices. Please refer to the
<a href="#shadow">preceding CKD section</a>
for information regarding use of the <code>sf=</code> shadow file option.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end (CFBA) additional DASD arguments -->
<p>
<hr width="50%"><p>
<a name="2703"></a>
<dt><em>Communication Line - BSC</em>
<dd><p>
(Preliminary 2703 BSC Support)
<p>
Describes a BSC emulation line entry to either link 2 Hercules engines
or a custom made program emulating a 2780, 3780 or 3x74, or a custom made
program interfacing to a real BSC line. The line emulates a point-to-point
BSC link. There is no point-to-multipoint handling.
<p>
The communication is emulated over a TCP connection. All bytes are
transfered as-is (except for doubling DLE in transparent mode) just
like it would over a real BSC link. Emulated EIA (DCD, DTR, CTS,
etc..) or X.21/V.11 leads (C, T, etc..) are treated differently depending
on the DIAL option selected.
<p>
The following options define the line emulation behaviour:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Communication Adapter parms -->
<a name="dial"></a>
<dt><code>DIAL=IN &#124; OUT &#124; INOUT &#124; NO</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies call direction (if any). If <code>DIAL=NO</code> is specified, the
TCP outgoing connection is attempted as soon as an 'ENABLE' CCW is executed.
Also, in this mode, an incoming connection will always be accepted. If <code>DIAL=IN&#124;INOUT</code>
is specified, a TCP incoming call is accepted ONLY if an 'ENABLE' CCW is currently
executing on the device. If <code>DIAL=OUT</code>, the 'ENABLE' CCW is rejected.
When <code>DIAL=IN&#124;INOUT</code> is specified, a DIAL CCW allows the application
to establish a TCP connection to a specific host. For other DIAL values,
the DIAL CCW is rejected.
<p>
<dt><code>LHOST=<em>hostname</em> &#124; <em>ip address</em> &#124; *</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies which IP address to listen on. This also conditions the network
interface from which incoming calls will be accepted. Specifying '*' means
all incoming TCP calls are accepted, regardless of the destination IP
address or call origin. This is the default value. Specifying a specific
IP address when <code>DIAL=OUT</code> is specified has no effect.
<p>
<dt><code>LPORT=<em>service name</em> &#124; <em>port number</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the TCP port for which to listen to incoming TCP calls. This
value is mandatory for <code>DIAL=IN&#124;INOUT&#124;NO</code>. It is ignored for <code>DIAL=OUT</code>.
<p>
<dt><code>RHOST=<em>hostname</em> &#124; <em>ip address</em></code>
<dt><code>RPORT=<em>service name</em> &#124; <em>port number</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the remote host and port to which to direct a TCP connection on a
DIAL=NO line when an 'ENABLE' CCW is executed. This option is mandatory when <code>DIAL=NO</code>
is specified. It is ignored for other <code>DIAL</code> values.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Communication Adapter parms -->
The following options are tuning options. In most cases, using the default values
give the best results
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Communication Adapter tuning options -->
<dt><code>RTO=0 &#124; -1 &#124; <em>nnn</em> &#124; 3000</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the number of milliseconds before terminating a read on a timeout, when
no read termination control character is received. Specifying 0 means the READ ends
immediately. -1 specifies there is no timeout.
<p>
<dt><code>PTO=0 &#124; -1 &#124; <em>nnn</em> &#124; 3000</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the number of milliseconds before terminating a POLL on a timeout, when
no ACK or NACK sequence is received. Specifying 0 means the POLL ends
immediately. -1 specifies there is no timeout.
<p>
<dt><code>ETO=0 &#124; -1 &#124; <em>nnn</em> &#124; 10000</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the number of milliseconds before terminating an ENABLE operation on a timeout.
the timeout applies when <code>DIAL=NO&#124;IN&#124;INOUT</code> is specified, the outgoing TCP call
fails (<code>DIAL=NO</code>) and there is no previously or currently established TCP connection
for this line. When <code>DIAL=NO</code> is specified, the timeout defaults to 10 seconds.
For <code>DIAL=IN&#124;INOUT</code>, the timeout defaults to -1.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Communication Adapter tuning options -->
<dt><em>Communication Line - TTY</em>
<dd><p>
(Preliminary 2703 TELE2 TTY Support)
<p>
Describes a 2703 Telegraph Terminal Control Type II (TTY 33/35) stop/start line,
providing access to the Host OS via a standard TELNET client. To the host OS
the line emulates an asynchronous TELE2 connection. The communication is
emulated over a TELNET connection.
<p>
The following options define the line emulation behaviour:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Communication Adapter parms -->
<dt><code>LPORT=<em>port number</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the TCPIP port to listen on for incoming TCP calls.
<p>
<dt><code>DIAL=IN</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that this line is for in-bound calls. Required.
<p>
<dt><code>TERM=TTY</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies that this definition is for a TTY port. Required
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Communication Adapter parms -->
<dt><em>Additional 2703 Communication Line options</em>
<dd><p>
The following are some additional options that may also be specified
for 2703 devices:
<p>
<dl> <!-- begin Addtional 2703 options -->
<dt><code>APPEND=<em>hh..</em>.</code>
<dt><code>PREPEND=<em>hh...</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies up to four bytes (in S/370 channel format, not ASCII)
to be prepended or appended to input line data received
from terminals before they are sent to the guest OS. Typical use is to
add Circle D and C around each input transmission (2741's for APL\360).
<p>
<dt><code>BINARY=NO &#124; YES</code>
<dd><p>
Negotiate to telnet binary mode if TERM=RXVT4APL.
<p>
<dt><code>BS=DUMB</code>
<dt><code>BREAK=DUMB</code>
<dd><p>
Backspace and break key handling option.
<p>
When using windows telnet it is recommended
to always use BS=DUMB and BREAK=DUMB.
<p>
<dt><code>CODE=EBCD &#124; CORR &#124; NONE</code>
<dd><p>
Specify code=ebcd for EBCD, code=corr for correspondence code,
or code=none to disable all translation. The code= option applies to
2741 mode only.
<p>
<dt><code>CRLF=YES &#124; NO</code>
<dd><p>
Option to map 2741 NL to TTY CRLF sequence.
<p>
<dt><code>CRLF2CR=YES &#124; NO</code>
<dd><p>
Remove LF that immediately follow CR.
<p>
<dt><code>EOL=<em>hh</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the ASCII byte value that, when received, marks the
end of the input line. The default is EOL=0D.
<p>
<dt><code>ISKIP=<em>hh...</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies up to four ASCII bytes that are to be suppressed
during input processing.
<p>
<dt><code>KA=NO &#124; <em>(idle,intv,count)</em></code>
<dd><p>
Defines the TCP/IP keepalive settings for this line's connections.
Refer the the <a href="#CONKPALV">CONKPALV</a> statement for details.
<p>
<dt><code>LNCTL=TELE2 &#124; IBM1 &#124; BSC</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the type of communications line being defined.
<p>
For asynchronous communications lines specify LNCTL=TELE2 if TERM=TTY
or LNCTL=IBM1 if TERM=2741. For binary synchronous (BSC) lines
specify LNCTL=BSC.
<p>
<dt><code>SKIP=<em>hh...</em></code>
<dd><p>
Specifies "garbage" code points (either byte-reversed ASCII for
TERM=TTY or correspondence code/EBCD for TERM=2741) that are to be
suppressed in output processing, thereby allowing distinct lists
to be used for different terminal types.
<p>
<dt><code>SENDCR=NO &#124; YES</code>
<dd><p>
Send CR back to terminal when input line received.
<p>
<dt><code>SWITCHED=IN &#124; OUT &#124; INOUT &#124; NO</code>
<dd><p>
Switched is just a synonym for the <a href="#DIAL">DIAL</a> option.
<p>
<dt><code>TERM=TTY &#124; 2741 &#124; RXVT4APL</code>
<dd><p>
Specifies the terminal type. Use RXVT4APL for 8-bit and character
translation in 2741 mode.
<p>
<dt><code>UCTRANS=YES &#124; NO</code>
<dd><p>
Enable automatic translation to uppercase.
<p>
</dl> <!-- end Addtional 2703 options -->
</dl> <!-- end Arguments for each device type -->
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<p>
If you have a question about Hercules, see the
<a href="hercfaq.html">Hercules Frequently-Asked Questions</a> page.
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