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mirror of git://git.sv.gnu.org/coreutils.git synced 2026-04-20 02:36:16 +02:00
This commit is contained in:
Jim Meyering
1998-09-12 20:12:55 +00:00
parent ea44cc33ca
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[DESCRIPTION]
." Add any additional description here

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[DESCRIPTION]
This manual page
documents the GNU version of
.BR chmod .
.B chmod
changes the permissions of each given file according to
.IR mode ,
which can be either a symbolic representation of changes to make, or
an octal number representing the bit pattern for the new permissions.
.PP
The format of a symbolic mode is
`[ugoa...][[+-=][rwxXstugo...]...][,...]'. Multiple symbolic
operations can be given, separated by commas.
.PP
A combination of the letters `ugoa' controls which users' access to
the file will be changed: the user who owns it (u), other users in the
file's group (g), other users not in the file's group (o), or all
users (a). If none of these are given, the effect is as if `a' were
given, but bits that are set in the umask are not affected.
.PP
The operator `+' causes the permissions selected to be added to the
existing permissions of each file; `-' causes them to be removed; and
`=' causes them to be the only permissions that the file has.
.PP
The letters `rwxXstugo' select the new permissions for the affected
users: read (r), write (w), execute (or access for directories) (x),
execute only if the file is a directory or already has execute
permission for some user (X), set user or group ID on execution (s),
save program text on swap device (t), the permissions that the user
who owns the file currently has for it (u), the permissions that other
users in the file's group have for it (g), and the permissions that
other users not in the file's group have for it (o).
.PP
A numeric mode is from one to four octal digits (0-7), derived by
adding up the bits with values 4, 2, and 1. Any omitted digits are
assumed to be leading zeros. The first digit selects the set user ID
(4) and set group ID (2) and save text image (1) attributes. The
second digit selects permissions for the user who owns the file: read
(4), write (2), and execute (1); the third selects permissions for
other users in the file's group, with the same values; and the fourth
for other users not in the file's group, with the same values.
.PP
.B chmod
never changes the permissions of symbolic links; the
.B chmod
system call cannot change their permissions. This is not a problem
since the permissions of symbolic links are never used.
However, for each symbolic link listed on the command line,
.B chmod
changes the permissions of the pointed-to file.
In contrast,
.B chmod
ignores symbolic links encountered during recursive directory
traversals.
.SH OPTIONS

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[DESCRIPTION]
This manual page
documents the GNU version of
.BR chown .
.B chown
changes the user and/or group ownership of each given file, according
to its first non-option argument, which is interpreted as follows. If
only a user name (or numeric user ID) is given, that user is made the
owner of each given file, and the files' group is not changed. If the
user name is followed by a colon or dot and a group name (or numeric group ID),
with no spaces between them, the group ownership of the files is
changed as well. If a colon or dot but no group name follows the user name,
that user is made the owner of the files and the group of the files is
changed to that user's login group. If the colon or dot and group are given,
but the user name is omitted, only the group of the files is changed;
in this case,
.B chown
performs the same function as
.BR chgrp .
.Sh OPTIONS

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.\" Copyright (C) 1994, 95, 96, 97 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
.\" this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that
.\" the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
.\" manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
.\" versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a
.\" translation approved by the Foundation.
.\"
[DESCRIPTION]
.\" Add any additional description here

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[DESCRIPTION]
.\" Add any additional description here

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.\" Copyright (C) 1994, 95, 96, 97, 98 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of this
.\" manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice are
.\" preserved on all copies.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of
.\" this manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that
.\" the entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
.\" permission notice identical to this one.
.\"
.\" Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
.\" manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
.\" versions, except that this permission notice may be stated in a
.\" translation approved by the Foundation.
.\"
[DESCRIPTION]
This manual page
documents the GNU version of
.BR df .
.B df
displays the amount of disk space available on the filesystem
containing each file name argument. If no file name is given, the
space available on all currently mounted filesystems is shown. Disk
space is shown in 1K blocks by default, unless the environment
variable POSIXLY_CORRECT is set, in which case 512-byte blocks are
used.
.PP
If an argument is the absolute file name of a disk device node containing a
mounted filesystem,
.B df
shows the space available on that filesystem rather than on the
filesystem containing the device node (which is always the root
filesystem). This version of
.B df
cannot show the space available on unmounted filesystems, because on
most kinds of systems doing so requires very nonportable intimate
knowledge of filesystem structures.
.SH OPTIONS

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[DESCRIPTION]
.\" Add any additional description here

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[DESCRIPTION]
." Add any additional description here